Infectiousness of places – Impact of multiscale human activity places in the transmission of COVID-19

COVID-19 raises attention to epidemic transmission in various places. This study analyzes the transmission risks associated with human activity places at multiple scales, including different types of settlements and eleven types of specific establishments (restaurants, bars, etc.), using COVID-19 da...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:npj Urban Sustainability 2022-11, Vol.2 (1), p.28-28, Article 28
Main Authors: Liu, Lun, Wang, Hui, Zhang, Zhu, Zhang, Weiyi, Zhuang, Shengsheng, Wang, Shenhao, Silva, Elisabete A., Lv, Tingmiao, Chio, Chi On, Wang, Yifan, Dao, Rina, Tang, Chuchang, Ao-Ieong, On Ieng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
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4014/2808
692/499
cities
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Culture
Disease control
Disease transmission
Earth and Environmental Science
Environment
Epidemics
Estimates
Human influences
Infections
Intervention
Methods
Pandemics
Restaurants
Sustainable Development
towns
Trends
Urban areas
Urban Ecology
Urban Geography
Urbanism
Urbanism (inc. megacities
Viral diseases
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Summary:COVID-19 raises attention to epidemic transmission in various places. This study analyzes the transmission risks associated with human activity places at multiple scales, including different types of settlements and eleven types of specific establishments (restaurants, bars, etc.), using COVID-19 data in 906 urban areas across four continents. Through a difference-in-difference approach, we identify the causal effects of activities at various places on epidemic transmission. We find that at the micro-scale, though the transmission risks at different establishments differ across countries, sports, entertainment, and catering establishments are generally more infectious. At the macro-scale, contradicting common beliefs, it is consistent across countries that transmission does not increase with settlement size and density. It is also consistent that specific establishments play a lesser role in transmission in larger settlements, suggesting more transmission happening elsewhere. These findings contribute to building a system of knowledge on the linkage between places, human activities, and disease transmission.
ISSN:2661-8001
2661-8001
DOI:10.1038/s42949-022-00074-w