Study to investigate the prevalence of human papillomavirus in Barrett’s oesophagus using a novel screening methodology

IntroductionHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is strongly associated with Barrett’s dysplasia and oesophageal cancer suggesting a role in carcinogenesis. HPV persistence predicts treatment failure after endotherapy for Barrett’s dysplasia. This pilot study applies a novel HPV screening tool (previously onl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BMJ open gastroenterology 2022-04, Vol.9 (1), p.e000840
Main Authors: White, Jonathan Richard, Ragunath, Krish, Whitton, Aimee, Marsh, Elizabeth, Kaye, Philip, Knight, Gillian
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alphapapillomavirus
Barrett Esophagus - diagnosis
Barrett Esophagus - epidemiology
Barrett's Oesophagus
Cancer
Clinical medicine
Esophageal cancer
Human papillomavirus
Humans
Infections
Laboratories
Medical screening
oesophageal cancer
Papillomaviridae - genetics
Patients
Pilot Projects
polymerase chain reaction
Prevalence
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Summary:IntroductionHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is strongly associated with Barrett’s dysplasia and oesophageal cancer suggesting a role in carcinogenesis. HPV persistence predicts treatment failure after endotherapy for Barrett’s dysplasia. This pilot study applies a novel HPV screening tool (previously only used in the oropharynx) to detect HPV DNA directly and determine the prevalence rates in Barrett’s oesophagus (BO).MethodDNA was extracted from 20 formalin-fixed BO samples. HPV DNA was detected using real-time PCR and gel electrophoresis.Results5 out of 20 patients were identified as positive for HPV. Prevalence was 25% in patients with BO.ConclusionThis method can be used in BO’s tissue to determine HPV infection. Adoption of this as a screening test could potentially revolutionise future research in this area. If a clear link between HPV and Barrett’s dysplasia can be confirmed, this qPCR method has the potential to aid in monitoring and/or dysplasia detection by stratifying those most at risk and aid in the development of new therapies.
ISSN:2054-4774
2054-4774
DOI:10.1136/bmjgast-2021-000840