Activated Carbon/Pectin Composite Enterosorbent for Human Protection from Intoxication with Xenobiotics Pb(II) and Sodium Diclofenac

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2022-04, Vol.27 (7), p.2296
• Main Authors: Jandosov, Jakpar, Alavijeh, Mo, Sultakhan, Shynggyskhan, Baimenov, Alzhan, Bernardo, Maria, Sakipova, Zuriyadda, Azat, Seytkhan, Lyubchyk, Svitlana, Zhylybayeva, Nurzhamal, Naurzbayeva, Gulmira, Mansurov, Zulkhair, Mikhalovsky, Sergey, Berillo, Dmitriy
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Activated carbon; Adsorbates; Adsorbents; Adsorption; Aqueous solutions; Biocompatibility; Biomedical materials; Charcoal - chemistry; Composite materials; Core-shell structure; Diclofenac; Diclofenac - chemistry; diclofenac adsorption; enterosorbent; Esterification; Gastrointestinal system; Gastrointestinal tract; Hazardous materials; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Intoxication; Isotherms; Kinetics; Lead; Lead - toxicity; lead adsorption; Metals; Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; Oral administration; Pectin; Pectins - chemistry; Poisoning; Polymers; porous carbon; Sodium; Sorbents; Toxic substances; Water Pollutants, Chemical - chemistry; Xenobiotics
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072296

The use of enterosorbents-materials which can be administered orally and eliminate toxic substances from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) by sorption-offers an attractive complementary protection of humans against acute and chronic poisoning. In this study, we report the results of developing a microgranulated binary biomedical preparation for oral use. It was designed with a core-shell structure based on pectin with low degree of esterification as the core, and nanoporous activated carbon produced from rice husk, AC-RH, as the shell, designated as AC-RH@pectin. The adsorption properties of the synthesized materials were studied in aqueous solutions for the removal of lead (II) nitrate as a representative of toxic polyvalent metals and sodium diclofenac as an example of a medicinal drug. The composite enterosorbent demonstrated high adsorption capacity for both adsorbates studied. Adsorption kinetics of lead and diclofenac adsorption by AC-RH, pectin, and AC-RH@pectin, fitted well a pseudo-second-order model. According to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model, the best fitted isotherm model, the maximum adsorption capacity, q , of AC-RH@pectin for diclofenac and for lead (II) was 130.9 mg/g and 227.8 mg/g, respectively. Although q of AC-RH for diclofenac, 537.6 mg/g, and q of pectin for lead (II), 245.7 mg/g, were higher, the maximum adsorption capacity of AC-RH for lead (II), 52.7 mg/g, was much lower than that of the composite AC-RH@pectin and the adsorption capacity of pectin for diclofenac was negligible. Therefore, the composite material AC-RH@pectin demonstrated substantial efficiency of removing both species which potentially defines it as a more universal enterosorbent suitable for treating poisoning caused by substances of different chemical nature.