Rational Mutagenesis in the Lid Domain of Ribokinase from E. coli Results in an Order of Magnitude Increase in Activity towards D-arabinose

Development of efficient approaches for the production of medically important nucleosides is a highly relevant challenge for biotechnology. In particular, cascade synthesis of arabinosides would allow relatively easy production of various cytostatic and antiviral drugs. However, the biocatalyst nece...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2022-10, Vol.23 (20), p.12540
Main Authors: Zayats, Evgeniy A., Fateev, Ilya V., Kostromina, Maria A., Abramchik, Yulia A., Lykoshin, Dmitry D., Yurovskaya, Daria O., Timofeev, Vladimir I., Berzina, Maria Ya, Eletskaya, Barbara Z., Konstantinova, Irina D., Esipov, Roman S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
active site modification
Antiviral agents
Arabinose
Biotechnology
cascade synthesis
Drugs
E coli
enzyme genetic improvement
Enzymes
Hydrogen bonds
Ligands
Metabolism
Mutagenesis
Mutants
Mutation
New technology
Nucleosides
Phosphorylation
rational design
Ribokinase
site-directed mutagenesis
Substrate specificity
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Summary:Development of efficient approaches for the production of medically important nucleosides is a highly relevant challenge for biotechnology. In particular, cascade synthesis of arabinosides would allow relatively easy production of various cytostatic and antiviral drugs. However, the biocatalyst necessary for this approach, ribokinase from Escherichia coli (EcoRK), has a very low activity towards D-arabinose, making the synthesis using the state-of-art native enzyme technologically unfeasible. Here, we report the results of our enzyme design project, dedicated to engineering a mutant form of EcoRK with elevated activity towards arabinose. Analysis of the active site structure has allowed us to hypothesize the reasons behind the low EcoRK activity towards arabinose and select feasible mutations. Enzyme assay and kinetic studies have shown that the A98G mutation has caused a large 15-fold increase in kcat and 1.5-fold decrease in KM for arabinose phosphorylation. As a proof of concept, we have performed the cascade synthesis of 2-chloroadenine arabinoside utilizing the A98G mutant with 10-fold lower amount of enzyme compared to the wild type without any loss of synthesis efficiency. Our results are valuable both for the development of new technologies of synthesis of modified nucleosides and providing insight into the structural reasons behind EcoRK substrate specificity.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms232012540