Protective effect and mechanism of betaine against hyperosmotic stress in porcine intestinal epithelium

[Display omitted] •Betaine exerts osmoprotective role in small intestine.•Betaine ameliorated hyperosmotic stress induced cell shrinkage and elevation ROS of intestinal epithelium.•Betaine attenuated mitochondria-related apoptosis caused by hyperosmolarity via maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis.•...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of functional foods 2021-12, Vol.87, p.104838, Article 104838
Main Authors: Xu, Shuyi, Lu, Shiyi, Wang, Haichao, Li, Sisi, Feng, Jie
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Apoptosis
Autophagy
Betaine
cell viability
Hyperosmotic stress
intestinal mucosa
kidneys
mitochondria
osmotolerance
Porcine intestinal epithelium
protective effect
reactive oxygen species
ROS
shrinkage
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Summary:[Display omitted] •Betaine exerts osmoprotective role in small intestine.•Betaine ameliorated hyperosmotic stress induced cell shrinkage and elevation ROS of intestinal epithelium.•Betaine attenuated mitochondria-related apoptosis caused by hyperosmolarity via maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis.•Betaine alleviated hyperosmolarity-induced autophagy with the decrease of autophagosomes and autolysosomes. Hyperosmolarity under physiological conditions resulting from lumen contents is a big challenge to the normal function of intestinal epithelium. Betaine is a potent osmolyte which is mostly studied in kidney. This study was aimed to gain insight into the osmoprotectant role of betaine in intestinal epithelium under hyperosmotic condition with intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) and piglets. The result showed that betaine could attenuate the hyperosmolarity-induced reduction of cell viability after treating 12 h. Betaine ameliorates hyperosmotic stress in intestinal epithelium via decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) with the alleviation of cell shrinkage. Moreover, betaine prevented mitochondria from membrane collapse and alleviated mitochondrial-related apoptosis induced by hyperosmolarity in vivo and vitro. In addition, betaine ameliorated autophagy caused by hyperosmolarity by up-regulation LC3 II and down-regulation p62. In summary, betaine protects porcine small intestinal epithelium from hyperosmotic stress by alleviating cell shrinkage, ROS accumulation as well as apoptosis and autophagy.
ISSN:1756-4646
2214-9414
DOI:10.1016/j.jff.2021.104838