Mechanisms of Cytotoxicity of Chemical Agents to Giant Cell Tumors: An In Vitro Study

Background. Various chemical agents have been used as an adjuvant treatment for giant cell tumor (GCT). However, the comparative effect of these chemicals remains unclear. Methods. Multinucleated and spindle cells from cultured GCT patients, characterized by Nanog and Oct4 expression with RT-PCR, we...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Stem cells international 2020, Vol.2020 (2020), p.1-10
Main Authors: Wanandi, Septelia Inawati, Syahrani, Resda Akhra, Wikanjaya, Rio, Rahyussalim, Ahmad Jabir, Asdi, Akbar Rizki Beni, Kamal, Achmad Fauzi, Kurniawati, Tri
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adjuvants
Annexin V
Apoptosis
Cell culture
Cell death
Cell morphology
Cell viability
Chemical agents
Cytology
Cytotoxicity
Ethanol
Ethics
Exposure
Flow cytometry
Gene expression
Hydrogen peroxide
Methods
Morphology
Necrosis
Oct-4 protein
Polymerase chain reaction
Stem cells
Toxicity
Tumors
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Summary:Background. Various chemical agents have been used as an adjuvant treatment for giant cell tumor (GCT). However, the comparative effect of these chemicals remains unclear. Methods. Multinucleated and spindle cells from cultured GCT patients, characterized by Nanog and Oct4 expression with RT-PCR, were directly administered, in vitro, with concentrations of 1%, 3%, and 5% of H2O2 and 75%, 85%, and 95% of ethanol for 10 minutes and concentrations of 0.003%, 0.005%, 0.01%, 0.03%, 0.1%, and 0.3% of H2O2 for 5 minutes and were incubated for 24 hours. Cell morphology, cell viability, and flow cytometry after various concentrations of H2O2 and ethanol exposure were assessed. Results. H2O2 in all concentrations caused loss of cell viability. The number of viable cells after H2O2 exposure was related to the concentration-dependent effect. The initial viable spindle-shaped cell, multinucleated giant cell, and round-epithelioid cell had morphological changes into fragmented nonviable cells after exposure to H2O2. Flow cytometry using Annexin V showed cell death due to necrosis, with the highest concentration amounting to 0.3%. Conclusion. Administering local chemical adjuvants of H2O2 in vitro caused loss of viable GCT cells. The number of viable cells after H2O2 exposure was related to the concentration-dependent effect, whereas reducing concentration of H2O2 may cause loss of viability and morphology of cultured GCT cells with the apoptotic mechanism.
ISSN:1687-966X
1687-9678
DOI:10.1155/2020/8827192