HIV-1 env gene mutations outside the targeting probe affects IPDA efficiency

• Published in: iScience 2024-06, Vol.27 (6), p.109941-109941, Article 109941
• Main Authors: Zhou, Zehua, Zhang, Xinyu, Wang, Meiyu, Jiang, Fei, Tong, Jincheng, Nie, Jianhui, Zhao, Chenyan, Zheng, Haifa, Zhang, Zhen, Shi, Penghui, Fan, Weiguang, Wang, Youchun, Huang, Weijin
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Methodology in biological sciences; Virology
• ISSN: 2589-0042; 2589-0042
• DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109941

The intact proviral DNA assay (IPDA) based on droplet digital PCR was developed to identify intact proviral DNA and quantify HIV-1 latency reservoirs in patients infected with HIV-1. However, the genetic characteristics of different HIV-1 subtypes are non-consistent due to their high mutation and recombination rates. Here, we identified that the IPDA based on the sequences features of an HIV-1 subtype could not effectively detect different HIV-1 subtypes due to the high diversity of HIV-1. Furthermore, we demonstrated that mutations in env gene outside the probe binding site affect the detection efficiency of IPDA. Since mutations in env gene outside the probe binding site may also lead to the formation of stop codons, thereby preventing the formation of viruses and ultimately overestimating the number of HIV-1 latency reservoirs, it is important to address the effect of mutations on the IPDA. [Display omitted] •The high diversity of HIV-1 reduces the accuracy of IPDA•IPDA-B cannot evaluate the change of HIV-1 latency reservoirs in patients infected with CRF01_AE•One type of IPDA cannot detect all HIV-1 subtypes•Mutations in env gene outside the probe binding site impact the detection efficiency of IPDA Virology; Methodology in biological sciences