PHENOLOGICAL, PLANT ARCHITECTURE, AND GRAIN YIELD TRAITS ON COMMON BEAN LINES SELECTION

• Published in: Caatinga 2018-07, Vol.31 (3), p.657-666
• Main Authors: RIBEIRO, NERINÉIA DALFOLLO, SANTOS, GUILHERME GODOY DOS, MAZIERO, SANDRA MARIA, STECKLING, SKARLET DE MARCO
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE; AGRONOMY; Beans; Correlation analysis; Crop yield; Cultivars; FISHERIES; Flowering; FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; FORESTRY; Inbreeding; Lodging; Phenotypes; Plant breeding; VETERINARY SCIENCES
• ISSN: 0100-316X; 1983-2125; 1983-2125
• DOI: 10.1590/1983-21252018v31n314rc

ABSTRACT The development of common bean cultivars with early cycle, upright plant architecture, and high grain yield represents marketing advantages to bean farmers. This study aimed to evaluate whether common bean inbred lines differ for phenological, plant architecture, and grain yield traits; analyze the correlations between these traits; and select early and upright common bean lines with high grain yield. To this end, 14 common bean inbred lines were evaluated in two growing seasons in Santa Maria - RS, Brazil. Common bean inbred lines showed significant differences for all traits, except for insertion of the first pod and length of the fourth and fifth internodes. The four superior common bean lines selected by the multiplicative index were CNFP 10794, CNFC 10762, DF 06-09, and BRS Valente. CNFP 10794 presents earliness (flowering and cycle), upright plant architecture (lower values of general adaptation score, lodging, and stay-green phenotype) and high grain yield (higher values of number of pods per plant, number of grains per plant, mass of 100 grains, and grain yield). Mass of 100 grains showed a positive correlation with grain yield (r= 0.68). The indirect selection using mass of 100 grains is of intermediate efficiency to increase grain yield in common bean. CNFP 10794 presents earliness, upright plant architecture, and high grain yield and will be selected for the breeding program. RESUMO O desenvolvimento de cultivares de feijão de ciclo precoce, de arquitetura ereta e de alta produtividade de grãos representa vantagens mercadológicas para os produtores. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram avaliar se as linhagens de feijão diferem quanto aos caracteres fenológicos, da arquitetura de planta e da produção, estudar as correlações entre esses caracteres e selecionar linhagens precoces, de arquitetura ereta e com alta produtividade de grãos. Para tanto, 14 linhagens de feijão foram avaliadas em duas épocas de cultivo em Santa Maria - RS, Brasil. Diferenças significativas entre as linhagens de feijão foram observadas para todos os caracteres avaliados, exceto para a altura de inserção da primeira vagem, o comprimento do quarto e do quinto entrenó. As quatro melhores linhagens selecionadas pelo índice multiplicativo foram CNFP 10794, CNFC 10762, DF 06-09 e BRS Valente. A linhagem CNFP 10794 apresenta precocidade (floração e ciclo), arquitetura de planta ereta (menores escores de nota geral de adaptação, acamamento e fenótipo stay green) e alta produt