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Validation of the Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Potential of Selected Triterpenes Using In Vitro and In Silico Studies, and the Evaluation of Their ADMET Properties
The antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory potential of fifteen cycloartane-type triterpenes' potentials were investigated using different assays. In the phosphomolybdenum method, cycloalpioside D ( ) (4.05 mmol TEs/g) showed the highest activity. In 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH*) radical and...
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Published in: | Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2021-10, Vol.26 (21), p.6331 |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | The antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory potential of fifteen cycloartane-type triterpenes' potentials were investigated using different assays. In the phosphomolybdenum method, cycloalpioside D (
) (4.05 mmol TEs/g) showed the highest activity. In 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH*) radical and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) cation radical scavenging assays, cycloorbicoside A-7-monoacetate (
) (5.03 mg TE/g) and cycloorbicoside B (
) (10.60 mg TE/g) displayed the highest activities, respectively. Oleanolic acid (
) (51.45 mg TE/g) and 3-
-β-d-xylopyranoside-(23
,24
)-16β,23;16α,24-diepoxycycloart-25(26)-en-3β,7β-diol 7-monoacetate (
) (13.25 mg TE/g) revealed the highest reducing power in cupric ion-reducing activity (CUPRAC) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, respectively. In metal-chelating activity on ferrous ions, compound
displayed the highest activity estimated by 41.00 mg EDTAE/g (EDTA equivalents/g). The tested triterpenes showed promising AChE and BChE inhibitory potential with 3-
-β-d-xylopyranoside-(23
,24
)-16β,23;16α,24-diepoxycycloart-25(26)-en-3β,7β-diol 2',3',4',7-tetraacetate (
), exhibiting the highest inhibitory activity as estimated from 5.64 and 5.19 mg GALAE/g (galantamine equivalent/g), respectively. Compound
displayed the most potent tyrosinase inhibitory activity (113.24 mg KAE/g (mg kojic acid equivalent/g)). Regarding α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition, 3-
-β-d-xylopyranoside-(23
,24
)-16β,23;16α,24-diepoxycycloart-25(26)-en-3β,7β-diol (
) (0.55 mmol ACAE/g) and compound
(25.18 mmol ACAE/g) exerted the highest activities, respectively. In silico studies focused on compounds
,
, and
as inhibitors of tyrosinase revealed that compound
displayed a good ranking score (-7.069 kcal/mole) and also that the ΔG free-binding energy was the highest among the three selected compounds. From the ADMET/TOPKAT prediction, it can be concluded that compounds
and
displayed the best pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic behavior, with considerable activity in most of the examined assays. |
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ISSN: | 1420-3049 1420-3049 |
DOI: | 10.3390/molecules26216331 |