Amyloid-PET and White Matter Hyperintensities Have Independent Effects on Baseline Cognitive Function and Synergistic Effects on Longitudinal Executive Function

Co-occurrence of beta amyloid (Aβ) and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) increase the risk of dementia and both are considered biomarkers of preclinical dementia. Moderation and mediation modeling were used to define the interplay between global and regional Aβ and WMHs measures in relation to ex...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Brain sciences 2023-01, Vol.13 (2), p.218
Main Authors: Ali, Doaa G, Abner, Erin L, Bahrani, Ahmed A, El Khouli, Riham, Gold, Brian T, Jiang, Yang, Wilcock, Donna M, Jicha, Gregory A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Age
Alzheimer's disease
Cognition & reasoning
Cognitive ability
cognitive function
Confidence intervals
Dementia
Dementia disorders
Executive function
Magnetic resonance imaging
Mediation
Medical imaging
Memory
Missing data
Neurodegenerative diseases
Neuroimaging
Older people
preclinical Alzheimer’s disease
regional standardized uptake value ratio (SUVr)
Regions
Substantia alba
white matter hyperintensities (WMH)
β-Amyloid
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Summary:Co-occurrence of beta amyloid (Aβ) and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) increase the risk of dementia and both are considered biomarkers of preclinical dementia. Moderation and mediation modeling were used to define the interplay between global and regional Aβ and WMHs measures in relation to executive function (EF) and memory composite scores outcomes at baseline and after approximately 2 years across a sample of 714 clinically normal participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI 2). The moderation regression analysis showed additive effects of Aβ and WMHs over baseline memory and EF scores ( = 0.401 and 0.061, respectively) and synergistic effects over follow-up EF ( < 0.05). Through mediation analysis, the data presented demonstrate that WMHs effects, mediated by global and regional amyloid burden, are responsible for baseline cognitive performance deficits in memory and EF. These findings suggest that Aβ and WMHs contribute to baseline cognition independently while WMHs volumes exert effects on baseline cognitive performance directly and through influences on Aβ accumulation.
ISSN:2076-3425
2076-3425
DOI:10.3390/brainsci13020218