Evaluation of Immunoreactivity and Protection Efficacy of Seneca Valley Virus Inactivated Vaccine in Finishing Pigs Based on Screening of Inactivated Agents and Adjuvants

Seneca Valley virus (SVV), also known as Senecavirus A (SVA), is a non-enveloped and single-strand positive-sense RNA virus, which belongs to the genus of within the family . Porcine idiopathic vesicular disease (PIVD) caused by SVV has frequently been prevalent in America and Southeast Asia (especi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Vaccines (Basel) 2022-04, Vol.10 (4), p.631
Main Authors: Liu, Wenqiang, Li, Xiangmin, Zhang, Huawei, Hao, Genxi, Shang, Xianfei, Wang, Huilan, Chen, Huanchun, Qian, Ping
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adjuvants
Antigens
Binding sites
Deactivation
Hogs
Immune response (humoral)
Immunization
Immunoreactivity
inactivated vaccine
Inactivation
Infections
Laboratories
Lymphatic system
Monoclonal antibodies
MONTANIDETM IMG 1313 VG N
protection efficacy
Proteins
RNA viruses
Seneca Valley virus (SVV)
Swine
Vaccines
Valleys
Viruses
VP1 protein
β-propiolactone (BPL)
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Summary:Seneca Valley virus (SVV), also known as Senecavirus A (SVA), is a non-enveloped and single-strand positive-sense RNA virus, which belongs to the genus of within the family . Porcine idiopathic vesicular disease (PIVD) caused by SVV has frequently been prevalent in America and Southeast Asia (especially in China) since the end of 2014, and has caused continuing issues. In this study, an SVV strain isolated in China, named SVV LNSY01-2017 (MH064435), was used as the stock virus for the preparation of an SVV-inactivated vaccine. The SVV culture was directly inactivated using binary ethyleneimine (BEI) and β-propiolactone (BPL). BPL showed a better effect as an SVV inactivator, according to the results of pH variation, inactivation kinetics, and the detection of VP1 content during inactivation. Then, SVV inactivated by BPL was subsequently emulsified using different adjuvants, including MONTANIDE ISA 201 VG (ISA 201) and MONTANIDE IMG 1313 VG N (IMS 1313). The immunoreactivity and protection efficacy of the inactivated vaccines were then evaluated in finishing pigs. SVV-BPL-1313 showed a better humoral response post-immunization and further challenge tests post-immunization showed that both the SVV-BPL-201 and SVV-BPL-1313 combinations could resist challenge from a virulent SVV strain. The SVV LNSY01-2017-inactivated vaccine candidate developed here represents a promising alternative to prevent and control SVV infection in swine.
ISSN:2076-393X
2076-393X
DOI:10.3390/vaccines10040631