Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Diseases: Nutraceutical Interventions Related to Caloric Restriction

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are closely associated and represent a key public health problem worldwide. An excess of adipose tissue, NAFLD, and gut dysbiosis establish a vicious circle that leads to chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. Caloric restriction (CR) is th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of molecular sciences 2021-08, Vol.22 (15), p.7772
Main Authors: Senesi, Pamela, Ferrulli, Anna, Luzi, Livio, Terruzzi, Ileana
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipose tissue
Berberine
caloric restriction
Cardiovascular diseases
Carnitine
diabetes
Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)
Dietary restrictions
Dysbacteriosis
Functional foods & nutraceuticals
Insulin resistance
Kinases
Metabolites
Nitric oxide
Nutrients
Nutrition research
Oxidative stress
Public health
Quercetin
Resveratrol
Review
SIRT1 protein
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Summary:Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are closely associated and represent a key public health problem worldwide. An excess of adipose tissue, NAFLD, and gut dysbiosis establish a vicious circle that leads to chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. Caloric restriction (CR) is the most promising nutritional approach capable of improving cardiometabolic health. However, adherence to CR represents a barrier to patients and is the primary cause of therapeutic failure. To overcome this problem, many different nutraceutical strategies have been designed. Based on several data that have shown that CR action is mediated by AMPK/SIRT1 activation, several nutraceutical compounds capable of activating AMPK/SIRT1 signaling have been identified. In this review, we summarize recent data on the possible role of berberine, resveratrol, quercetin, and L-carnitine as CR-related nutrients. Additionally, we discuss the limitations related to the use of these nutrients in the management of T2DM and CVD.
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms22157772