In vitro evaluation of complement deposition and opsonophagocytic killing of Rhodococcus equi mediated by poly‐N‐acetyl glucosamine hyperimmune plasma compared to commercial plasma products

Background The bacterium Rhodococcus equi can cause severe pneumonia in foals. The absence of a licensed vaccine and limited effectiveness of commercial R. equi hyperimmune plasma (RE‐HIP) create a great need for improved prevention of this disease. Hypothesis Plasma hyperimmune to the capsular poly...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of veterinary internal medicine 2019-05, Vol.33 (3), p.1493-1499
Main Authors: Folmar, Chelsea N., Cywes‐Bentley, Colette, Bordin, Angela I., Rocha, Joana N., Bray, Jocelyne M., Kahn, Susanne K., Schuckert, Amanda E., Pier, Gerald B., Cohen, Noah D.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetylglucosamine - immunology
Actinomycetales Infections - immunology
Actinomycetales Infections - veterinary
Animals
Antibodies, Bacterial - blood
Antigens
Antimicrobial agents
Capsular polysaccharides
Clinical trials
complement
Complement C1 - immunology
Complement component C1
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
EQUID
Female
Glucosamine
Heat treating
horse
Horse Diseases - immunology
Horse Diseases - microbiology
Horses
Horses - immunology
Immunoglobulins
Infections
Inventors
Laboratories
Leukocytes (neutrophilic)
Licensing
Male
Neutrophils
Opsonization
opsonophagocytic killing
Pharmaceuticals
Phosphatase
plasma
Plasma - immunology
Pneumonia
Polysaccharides
Rhodococcus equi
Rhodococcus equi - immunology
Royalties
Vaccines
Womens health
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Summary:Background The bacterium Rhodococcus equi can cause severe pneumonia in foals. The absence of a licensed vaccine and limited effectiveness of commercial R. equi hyperimmune plasma (RE‐HIP) create a great need for improved prevention of this disease. Hypothesis Plasma hyperimmune to the capsular polysaccharide poly‐N‐acetyl glucosamine (PNAG) would be significantly more effective than RE‐HIP at mediating complement deposition and opsonophagocytic killing (OPK) of R. equi. Animals Venipuncture was performed on 9 Quarter Horses. Methods The ability of the following plasma sources to mediate complement component 1 (C1) deposition onto either PNAG or R. equi was determined by ELISA: (1) PNAG hyperimmune plasma (PNAG‐HIP), (2) RE‐HIP, and (3) standard non‐hyperimmune commercial plasma (SP). For OPK, each plasma type was combined with R. equi, equine complement, and neutrophils isolated from horses (n = 9); after 4 hours, the number of R. equi in each well was determined by quantitative culture. Data were analyzed using linear mixed‐effects regression with significance set at P 
ISSN:0891-6640
1939-1676
DOI:10.1111/jvim.15511