Response surface methodology (RSM) and its application for optimization of ammonium ions removal from aqueous solutions by pumice as a natural and low cost adsorbent

• Published in: Archives of environmental protection 2016-06, Vol.42 (2), p.33-43
• Main Authors: Moradi, Masoud, Mehdi Fazlzadehdavil, Meghdad Pirsaheb, Yadollah Mansouri, Touba Khosravi, Kiomars Sharafi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: adsorbents; adsorption; ammonium compounds; aqueous solutions; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; mixing; physicochemical properties; pumice; Pumice ammonium ion adsorption; response surface methodology; scanning electron microscopy; X-ray diffraction
• ISSN: 2083-4810; 2083-4810
• DOI: 10.1515/aep-2016-0018

This research was conducted to study the adsorption of ammonium ions onto pumice as a natural and low-cost adsorbent. The physico-chemical properties of the pumice granular were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Modeling and optimization of a NH₄⁺ sorption process was accomplished by varying four independent parameters (pumice dosage, initial ammonium ion concentration, mixing rate and contact time) using a central composite design (CCD) under response surface methodology (RSM). The optimum conditions for maximum removal of NH₄⁺ (70.3%) were found to be 100 g, 20 mg/l, 300 rpm and 180 min, for pumice dosage, initial NH₄⁺ ion concentration, mixing rate and contact time. It was found that the NH₄⁺ adsorption on the pumice granular was dependent on adsorbent dosage and initial ammonium ion concentration. NH₄⁺ was increased due to decrease the initial concentration of NH₄ and increase the contact time, mixing rate and amount of adsorbent.