Prevalence of diagnosed diabetes in American Indian and Alaska Native adults, 2006–2017

• Published in: BMJ open diabetes research & care 2020-04, Vol.8 (1), p.e001218
• Main Authors: Bullock, Ann, Sheff, Karen, Hora, Israel, Burrows, Nilka Rios, Benoit, Stephen R, Saydah, Sharon H, Hardin, Carmen Licavoli, Gregg, Edward W
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Age groups; Alaska - epidemiology; Alaska Natives; American Indian or Alaska Native; Case management; Diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus - diagnosis; Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology; Epidemiology/Health Services Research; Estimates; Female; Health services; Humans; Indians, North American; Male; Medical diagnosis; Minority & ethnic groups; Native North Americans; Patients; Prevalence; Software; Trends
• ISSN: 2052-4897; 2052-4897
• DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001218

IntroductionThe objective of this study was to examine recent trends in diagnosed diabetes prevalence for American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) adults aged 18 years and older in the Indian Health Service (IHS) active clinical population.Research design and methodsData were extracted from the IHS National Data Warehouse for AI/AN adults for each fiscal year from 2006 (n=729 470) through 2017 (n=1 034 814). The prevalence of diagnosed diabetes for each year and the annual percentage change were estimated for adults overall, as well as by sex, age group, and geographic region.ResultsAfter increasing significantly from 2006 to 2013, diabetes prevalence for AI/AN adults in the IHS active clinical population decreased significantly from 2013 to 2017. Prevalence was 14.4% (95% CI 13.9% to 15.0%) in 2006; 15.4% (95% CI 14.8% to 16.0%) in 2013; and 14.6% (95% CI 14.1% to 15.2%) in 2017. Trends for men and women were similar to the overall population, as were those for all age groups. For all geographic regions, prevalence either decreased significantly or leveled off in recent years.ConclusionsDiabetes prevalence in AI/AN adults in the IHS active clinical population has decreased significantly since 2013. While these results cannot be generalized to all AI/AN adults in the USA, this study documents the first known decrease in diabetes prevalence for AI/AN people.