PPARG2 Pro12Ala polymorphism influences body composition changes in severely obese patients consuming extra virgin olive oil: a randomized clinical trial

• Published in: Nutrition & metabolism 2018-07, Vol.15 (1), p.52-52, Article 52
• Main Authors: Rodrigues, Ana Paula Santos, Rosa, Lorena Pereira Souza, Silveira, Erika Aparecida
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adiposity; Analysis; Body composition; Body fat; Body mass index; Body weight; Body weight loss; Clinical trials; Cytokines; Diabetes; Diet; Dietary intake; Dietary supplements; Fat-free body mass; Fatty acids; Gene expression; Gene polymorphism; Generalized linear models; Health aspects; Homozygotes; Interleukin 6; Intervention; Metabolism; Nutrition research; Nutritional aspects; Obesity; Olive oil; Overweight persons; Physical activity; Physiological aspects; PPAR gamma; Weight control; Weight loss
• ISSN: 1743-7075; 1743-7075
• DOI: 10.1186/s12986-018-0289-4

Previous intervention studies have reported the association of the Pro12Ala (rs1801282) and -174G > C (rs1800795) polymorphisms with weight loss; however, their results are inconsistent. We aimed to investigate the effect of the Pro12Ala and -174G > C polymorphisms on body weight, body composition and metabolic parameters after a 12-week nutritional intervention with a traditional Brazilian diet and extra virgin olive oil supplementation in severely obese patients. A total of 149 severely obese individuals [body mass index (BMI) ≥ 35 kg/m ] were randomized into three 12-week nutritional intervention groups - the extra virgin olive oil supplementation (OO) group (  = 50), the traditional Brazilian diet (DieTBra) group (  = 49), and the DieTBra plus extra virgin olive oil supplementation (DieTBra+OO) group (n = 50). Anthropometric measurements, body composition, metabolic parameters, physical activity practise and dietary intake were assessed. The associations were tested using generalized linear models adjusted for confounders. The Pro12Ala polymorphism influenced body composition changes. Ala carriers in the intervention groups with extra virgin olive oil supplementation had greater reductions in the percentage of body fat (%BF) (OO:  = 0.049, DietBra+OO:  = 0.004) and greater increases in both fat-free mass (FFM) (OO:  = 0.020, DieTBra:  = 0.007) and lean mass (LM) (OO: p = 0.020, DieTBra+OO: p = 0.007) than did ProPro homozygotes. No association was found for the -174G > C polymorphism. Extra virgin olive oil intake may modulate favourable body composition changes, promoting a decrease in the %BF and increases in the LM and FFM of severely obese individuals, even without weight loss, in the presence of the Ala allele of the Pro12Ala polymorphism. Registered under ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier No. NCT02463435.