Multilevel medical insurance mitigate health cost inequality due to air pollution: Evidence from China

Air pollution affects residents' health to varying extents according to differences in socioeconomic status. However, there has been a lack of research on whether air pollution contributes to unfair health costs. In this research, data from the China Labour Force Dynamics Survey are matched wit...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal for equity in health 2024-08, Vol.23 (1), p.153-14, Article 153
Main Authors: Wang, Ennan, Zhu, Minglai, Lin, Yisha, Xi, Xiaoyu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Air pollution
Air Pollution - adverse effects
Air pollution effects
Analysis
China
Chronic illnesses
Cost analysis
Costs
Data analysis
Demographic aspects
Economic aspects
Economic growth
Environmental aspects
Expenditures
Female
Health aspects
Health Care Costs - statistics & numerical data
Health care disparities
Health care expenditures
Health care policy
Health disparities
Health equity
Health Expenditures - statistics & numerical data
Health insurance
Healthcare Disparities - economics
Heterogeneity
Household income
Humans
Income
Income inequality
Inflation
Insurance
Insurance, Health - economics
Labor force
Low income housing
Male
Medical care, Cost of
Medical personnel
Middle Aged
Multilevel medical insurance systems
Particulate matter
Particulate Matter - adverse effects
Poverty - statistics & numerical data
Residents
Social aspects
Socioeconomic Factors
Socioeconomic status
Socioeconomics
Surveys
Citations: Items that this one cites
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Summary:Air pollution affects residents' health to varying extents according to differences in socioeconomic status. However, there has been a lack of research on whether air pollution contributes to unfair health costs. In this research, data from the China Labour Force Dynamics Survey are matched with data on PM2.5 average concentration and precipitation, and the influence of air pollution on the health expenditures of residents is analysed with econometric methods involving a two-part model, instrument variables and moderating effects. The findings reveal that air pollution significantly impacts Chinese residents' health costs and leads to low-income people face health inequality. Specifcally, the empirical evidence shows that air pollution has no significant influence on the probability of residents' health costs (β = 0.021, p = 0.770) but that it increases the amount of residents' total outpatient costs (β = 0.379, p 
ISSN:1475-9276
1475-9276
DOI:10.1186/s12939-024-02238-9