Modulation of Tumor Immunity by Soluble and Membrane-Bound Molecules at the Immunological Synapse

To circumvent pathology caused by infectious microbes and tumor growth, the host immune system must constantly clear harmful microorganisms and potentially malignant transformed cells. This task is accomplished in part by T-cells, which can directly kill infected or tumorigenic cells. A crucial even...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical & developmental immunology 2013-01, Vol.2013 (2013), p.1-19
Main Authors: Riedel, Claudia A., Bueno, Susan M., Céspedes, Pablo F., Carreño, Leandro J., González, Pablo A., Kalergis, Alexis M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antigen-presenting cells
Antigen-Presenting Cells - immunology
Antigens, Neoplasm - immunology
Cell Communication
Humans
Immune system
Immunity
Immunological Synapses - immunology
Immunology
Immunotherapy
Membrane Proteins - immunology
Neoplasms - immunology
Neoplasms - therapy
Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell - immunology
Review
Solubility
T cell receptors
T-Lymphocytes - immunology
Tumor Escape
Tumors
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Summary:To circumvent pathology caused by infectious microbes and tumor growth, the host immune system must constantly clear harmful microorganisms and potentially malignant transformed cells. This task is accomplished in part by T-cells, which can directly kill infected or tumorigenic cells. A crucial event determining the recognition and elimination of detrimental cells is antigen recognition by the T cell receptor (TCR) expressed on the surface of T cells. Upon binding of the TCR to cognate peptide-MHC complexes presented on the surface of antigen presenting cells (APCs), a specialized supramolecular structure known as the immunological synapse (IS) assembles at the T cell-APC interface. Such a structure involves massive redistribution of membrane proteins, including TCR/pMHC complexes, modulatory receptor pairs, and adhesion molecules. Furthermore, assembly of the immunological synapse leads to intracellular events that modulate and define the magnitude and characteristics of the T cell response. Here, we discuss recent literature on the regulation and assembly of IS and the mechanisms evolved by tumors to modulate its function to escape T cell cytotoxicity, as well as novel strategies targeting the IS for therapy.
ISSN:2314-8861
1740-2522
2314-7156
1740-2530
DOI:10.1155/2013/450291