Investigation of hazardous waste a case study of electric arc furnace dust characterization

Dust from an electric arc furnace is formed as the main by-product of the steel production process from the secondary iron-based raw materials. This dust has significant contents of Zn and Fe, as well as Pb, Cd, Ca, Mg, Cr, Mn, Si, Ni, Cu, F, Cl and other elements and is considered hazardous industr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Hemijska industrija 2022-01, Vol.76 (4), p.237-249
Main Authors: Trifunovic, Vanja, Milic, Snezana, Avramovic, Ljiljana, Jonovic, Radojka, Gardic, Vojka, Dordievski, Stefan, Dimitrijevi, Silvana
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cadmium
Case studies
Chromium
Copper
Dust
eaf dust
Electric arc furnaces
Environmental aspects
Environmental impact
Environmental protection
Hazardous wastes
Heavy metals
industrial waste
Leaching
Lead
Legislation
Manganese
Mechanical properties
Mineralogy
Public health
Raw materials
Silicon
Solid wastes
Steel making
Steel production
Toxicity
Toxicity testing
Zinc
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Summary:Dust from an electric arc furnace is formed as the main by-product of the steel production process from the secondary iron-based raw materials. This dust has significant contents of Zn and Fe, as well as Pb, Cd, Ca, Mg, Cr, Mn, Si, Ni, Cu, F, Cl and other elements and is considered hazardous industrial solid waste since it contains heavy metals. In order to protect the environment and public health from the negative impact of this type of hazardous waste, it is necessary, even mandatory, to carry out its treatment in accordance with the legislation of the country where it is located. Before applying any treatment of the electric arc furnace (EAF) dust, it is necessary to perform its detailed characterization. In this paper, the following characterization of EAF dust originating in the Republic of Serbia was performed: physical-mechanical and chemical characterization, determination of granulometric composition, and mineralogical characterization. Also, the EAF dust impact on the environment and human health was assessed (Leachability and Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) tests). The results have shown that the Zn content is in the range 32 to 35 % and that the main mineralogical phases of the dust are zincite, franklinite, magnetite, and magnesioferrite. Granulometric analysis has shown that 80 % of the sample consists of particles less than 26 ?m in size. According to the leaching test results, the EAF dust is characterized as a hazardous waste due to the increased chloride content, while the TCLP test indicated dust toxicity due to the increased contents of Zn, Cd, and Pb.
ISSN:0367-598X
2217-7426
DOI:10.2298/HEMIND220609018T