Luteolin-3'- O -Phosphate Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Responses by Regulating NF-κB/MAPK Cascade Signaling in RAW 264.7 Cells

• Published in: Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Switzerland), 2021-12, Vol.26 (23), p.7393
• Main Authors: Kim, Jung-Hwan, Park, Tae-Jin, Park, Jin-Soo, Kim, Min-Seon, Chi, Won-Jae, Kim, Seung-Young
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; anti-inflammatory; Anti-inflammatory agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology; biorenovation; Cyclooxygenase 2 - metabolism; Cyclooxygenase-2; Cytokines; Cytokines - metabolism; Cytotoxicity; Flavonoids; IL-1β; Immunoregulation; Inflammation; Inflammation - metabolism; Interleukin 6; Kinases; Lipopolysaccharides; Lipopolysaccharides - adverse effects; Luteolin - pharmacology; luteolin-3′-O-phosphate; Macrophages; Macrophages - drug effects; Macrophages - metabolism; MAP kinase; MAP Kinase Signaling System - drug effects; MAPK; Mice; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism; Molecular modelling; Natural products; NF-kappa B - metabolism; NF-κB; NF-κB protein; Nitric oxide; Nitric Oxide - metabolism; Nitric Oxide Synthase - metabolism; Phosphates - pharmacology; Phosphorylation; Prostaglandin E2; Protein kinase; RAW 264.7 Cells; Tumor necrosis factor-TNF; Tumor necrosis factor-α
• ISSN: 1420-3049; 1420-3049
• DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237393

Luteolin (LT), present in most plants, has potent anti-inflammatory properties both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, some of its derivatives, such as luteolin-7- -glucoside, also exhibit anti-inflammatory activity. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying luteolin-3'- -phosphate (LTP)-mediated immune regulation are not fully understood. In this paper, we compared the anti-inflammatory properties of LT and LTP and analyzed their molecular mechanisms of action; we obtained LTP via the biorenovation of LT. We investigated the anti-inflammatory activities of LT and LTP in macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. We confirmed from previously reported literature that LT inhibits the production of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E , as well as the expression of inducible NO synthetase and cyclooxygenase-2. In addition, expressions of inflammatory genes and mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β, were suppressed. LTP showed anti-inflammatory activity similar to LT, but better anti-inflammatory activity in all the experiments, while also inhibiting mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-kappa B more effectively than LT. At a concentration of 10 μM, LTP showed differences of 2.1 to 44.5% in the activity compared to LT; it also showed higher anti-inflammatory activity. Our findings suggest that LTP has stronger anti-inflammatory activity than LT.