Inhalation Toxicology. VII. Times To Incapacitation and Death for Rats Exposed Continuously to Atmospheric Acrolein Vapor

Acrolein, an organic aldehyde (CH2=CH-CHO), is extremely irritating to the respiratory passages at very low concentrations. It is known to be present in the smoke from certain materials used in aircraft cabin interiors and could contribute, therefore, to an individual's failure to escape from a...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Crane, Charles R, Sanders, Donald C, Endecott, Boyd R, Abbott, John K
Format: Report
Language:English
Subjects:
ACROLEINS
AIRCRAFT
AIRCRAFT CABINS
CHAMBERS
COMBUSTION
CONCENTRATION(CHEMISTRY)
DEATH
DOSAGE
EQUATIONS
EXPOSURE(PHYSIOLOGY)
HUMANS
INCAPACITATION
INHALATION
LABORATORY ANIMALS
LETHALITY
LOSSES
MAMMALS
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
RATS
REGRESSION ANALYSIS
SMOKE
TIME
TOXICITY
Toxicology
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Summary:Acrolein, an organic aldehyde (CH2=CH-CHO), is extremely irritating to the respiratory passages at very low concentrations. It is known to be present in the smoke from certain materials used in aircraft cabin interiors and could contribute, therefore, to an individual's failure to escape from a burning aircraft. In order to assess acrolein's ability to produce physical incapacitation in a mammal, laboratory rats were exposed continuously to measured atmospheric concentrations of acrolein vapor until they expired. The exposure time required to produce lethality was measured, as was the time at which physical incapacitation occurred. Incapacitation was defined operationally as loss of the ability to walk in a motor-driven wheel, which was enclosed in the exposure chamber. Dose-response curves were generated by equating these two endpoints, time-to-incapacitation and time-to-depth, to the atmospheric acrolein concentration via statistically derived regression equations. Experimental results suggest that the acrolein dose that will produce physical incapacitation could be 10 to 100 times greater than has been predicted in the past. The possible relationship between the effective toxic doses of acrolein for rats, and those required for humans, is discussed. See also report dated Mar 1977, ADA043646.