Direct Carbon Fuel Cells: Converting Waste to Electricity

The U.S. Army has policies to minimize production of waste materials, maximize recycle of waste materials, and minimize energy consumption on its installations. A beneficial way to implement these policies is to convert paper, wood, vegetation, and Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) fractions into a carbon...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Wolk, Ronald H, Lux, Scott, Gelber, Stacy, Holcomb, Franklin H
Format: Report
Language:English
Subjects:
ARMY FACILITIES
Biology
DCFC(DIRECT CARBON FUEL CELLS)
ELECTRIC POWER
Electric Power Production and Distribution
ENERGY CONSUMPTION
ENERGY CONVERSION
ENERGY EFFICIENT
FUEL CELLS
Physical Chemistry
PYROLYSIS
SOLID WASTES
Solid Wastes Pollution and Control
SWARS(SOLID WASTE ANNUAL REPORTING SYSTEM)
VEGETATION
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Summary:The U.S. Army has policies to minimize production of waste materials, maximize recycle of waste materials, and minimize energy consumption on its installations. A beneficial way to implement these policies is to convert paper, wood, vegetation, and Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) fractions into a carbon-rich feed stock by pyrolysis to fuel Direct Carbon Fuel Cells (DCFCs). DCFCs potentially offer a unique approach for the direct conversion of biomass-derived, carbon-rich solid fuel to electricity at very high conversion, with the production of a CO2-rich flue gas. This work gathered information on the quantities of waste material available at U.S. Army installations from installation reports and from the U.S. Army Solid Waste Annual Reporting System (SWARS) database, then estimated the amount of electricity that DCFC technologies could generate from those wastes, and finally compared those amounts with the current average annual electrical loads at the 10 largest Army installations. The original document contains color images. Prepared in cooperation with Wolk Integrated Technical Services, 1056 Hyde Ave, San Jose, CA 95129. Work Unit 0121H0. Project No. IEA, Work Unit No. DE-AI01-05FE69134.