Application of Nucleic Acid-Based Tools for Monitoring Monitored Natural Attenuation (MNA), Biostimulation and Bioaugmentation at Chlorinated Solvent Sites

Successful anaerobic bioremediation at chlorinated solvent sites relies on the presence of bacteria, such as Dehalococcoides (Dhc), capable of organohalide respiration (i.e., respiratory reductive dechlorination or [de]chlororespiration). Nucleic acid-based assays like the quantitative real-time pol...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Lebron, Carmen, Petrovskis, Erik A, Loeffler, Frank E, Henn, Keith, Ritalahti, Kirsti, Hatt, Janet
Format: Report
Language:English
Subjects:
ANAEROBIC PROCESSES
ATTENUATION
BACTERIA
Biochemistry
BIODEGRADATION
CHLORINATION
DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACIDS
DHC(DEHALOCOCCOIDES)
GENES
GROUND WATER
Inorganic Chemistry
MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL
MNA(MONITORED NATURAL ATTENUATION)
MONITORING
NUCLEIC ACIDS
QPCR(QUANTITATIVE REAL-TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION)
RDASE(REDUCTIVE DECHLORINASE)
REDUCTION
REMOVAL
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RIBONUCLEIC ACIDS
SAMPLING
SOLVENTS
STIMULATION(PHYSIOLOGY)
WASTE TREATMENT
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Summary:Successful anaerobic bioremediation at chlorinated solvent sites relies on the presence of bacteria, such as Dehalococcoides (Dhc), capable of organohalide respiration (i.e., respiratory reductive dechlorination or [de]chlororespiration). Nucleic acid-based assays like the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) technique detect and enumerate Dhc in soil or groundwater samples by targeting Dhc-specific biomarker genes, including the 16S rRNA gene and the tceA, bvcA, and vcrA reductive dechlorinase (RDase) genes implicated in chlorinated ethene reductive dechlorination. The results of nucleic acid-based tests, like the qPCR approach, are expected to assist site managers and practitioners to identify sites where implementation of long-term monitored natural attenuation (MNA) will be effective; where biostimulation will achieve complete dechlorination without DCE/VC stall; and where bioaugmentation is required. The original document contains color images.