Subacute Effects of Inhaled Jet Fuel-A (JET A) on Airway and Immune Function in Rats

Two studies were conducted to assess the potential airway and immune effects following subacute (14-day) exposure of female rats to 500, 1000 or 2000 mg/m3 of Jet-A for 4 hrs/day. The first study used Sprague-Dawley rats; the second study included both Fischer 344 (F344) and Sprague-Dawley rats. In...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Sweeney, Lisa M, Prues, Susan L, Wilfong, Erin R, Reboulet, James E, Hess, Krista
Format: Report
Language:English
Subjects:
60769
AEROSOLS
Air Pollution and Control
Anatomy and Physiology
BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE
Fuels
IMMUNOTOXICITY
INFLAMMATION
INHALATION
INHALATION JET FUEL STUDIES
JET A
JET ENGINE FUELS
LUNG INJURY
MEDICAL RESEARCH
MILITARY MEDICINE
NASAL LAVAGE
OCCUPATIONAL CHEMICAL EXPOSURES
RATS
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
Toxicology
VAPORS
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Summary:Two studies were conducted to assess the potential airway and immune effects following subacute (14-day) exposure of female rats to 500, 1000 or 2000 mg/m3 of Jet-A for 4 hrs/day. The first study used Sprague-Dawley rats; the second study included both Fischer 344 (F344) and Sprague-Dawley rats. In the first study, exposure to 2000 mg/m3 jet fuel may have caused significant upper airway inflammation on day 7 post-exposure, as indicated by elevated protein and lactate dehydrogenase in nasal lavage fluid, but any inflammation resolved by day 14 post-exposure. The histological examination showed no evidence of infectious or toxic effect, and the occasional presence inflammation or mineralization was clinically insignificant. In the second study, some lung lavage fluid markers were increased at 24 hrs after the final exposure, indicating possible airway injury/inflammation. However, no test article histological changes were observed in the lungs, nasal cavities, or any other tissue of any of the jet fuel exposed animals. Overall, these studies demonstrated limited evidence of effects of 14 days of exposure to Jet A on the airways, immune system, or any other organ or system of female Sprague-Dawley and F344 rats, with no remarkable differences between strains. The original document contains color images.