Adsorption and interaction mechanism of uranium (VI) from aqueous solutions on phosphate-impregnation biochar cross-linked MgAl layered double-hydroxide composite

• Published in: Applied clay science 2021-08, Vol.209, Article 106146
• Main Authors: Lyu, Peng, Wang, Guanghui, Wang, Bing, Yin, Qiuling, Li, Yingjie, Deng, Nansheng
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adsorption; Biochar; Interaction mechanism; Mg–Al layered double hydroxides; Uranium (VI)
• ISSN: 0169-1317; 1872-9053
• DOI: 10.1016/j.clay.2021.106146

The phosphate pre-impregnation pyrolysis followed by a hydrothermal method was used to synthesize a novel phosphate-impregnation biochar (PBC) cross-linked MgAl layered double-hydroxide composite (PBC@LDH) for U(VI) removal from aqueous solution. Physicochemical analysis revealed that the PBC@LDH possessed the high surface area and abundant surface functional groups. XPS and FTIR analysis confirmed that the highly efficient adsorption of U(VI) by PBC@LDH was attributed to the strong complexation and reduction reaction of PO, Mg–O–H, and –OH groups to U(VI) as well as the co-precipitation of polyhydroxy aluminum cations captured U(VI). Adsorption equilibrium of U(VI) on PBC@LDH was reached within 2 h of contact time, and the process of the material for U(VI) adsorption was optimally described with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2nd2>0.99). Moreover, the adsorption isotherm of U(VI) on PBC@LDH was better simulated by the Langmuir model (RLan2>0.97). The maximum adsorption capacity of U(VI) by the PBC@LDH was calculated to be ⁓274.15 mg/g at pHinitial 4 and 298 K, which was an improvement of ⁓17 times than that of unmodified biochar and, furthermore, PBC@LDH texted had the most strongly adsorb U(VI) between approximately pHinitial 4 and 8. It was verified an endothermic, favorable, and spontaneous adsorption process. After five successive sorbent reuses, the elimination rate was still 77.9%. These results suggest that PBC@LDH is a promising candidate for desirable separation of uranium from uranium-waste water. [Display omitted] •A novel phosphate-impregnation biochar@Mg–Al layered double-hydroxide (PBC@LDH) composite was successfully prepared.•The maximum adsorption capacity of U(VI) by the PBC@LDH was 274.151 mg/g.•Complexation, reduction, and co-precipitation reaction were the main adsorption mechanism for U(VI) on PBC@LDH.•Simultaneous interaction of oxygen, phosphorus, and magnesium groups on the PBC@LDH surfaces was contribute to the highly efficient U(VI) adsorption.