novel homothallic variety of Agaricus bisporus comprises rare tetrasporic isolates from Europe

Among 400 wild specimens of A. bisporus collected in Europe, only three were tetrasporic. In the case of two of them from France, a previous study showed that one was homokaryotic and hypothetically belonged to a homothallic entity while the other was heterokaryotic and possibly resulted from hybrid...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Mycologia 2003-03, Vol.95 (2), p.222-231
Main Authors: Callac, P, Haut, I.J. de, Imbernon, M, Guinberteau, J, Desmerger, C, Theochari, I
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agaricus
Agaricus bisporus
agaricus bisporus var. bisporus
agaricus bisporus var. burnettii
Agaricus bisporus var. eurotetrasporus
Alleles
Basidia
basidial spore number variation
basidiospores
cultivated mushroom
Cupressus macrocarpa
Cupressus sempervirens
evolution
fungal anatomy
Genetic loci
Genetics/Molecular Biology
genotype
Genotypes
Haploidy
Homokaryon
homothallism
host plants
Hybridity
internal transcribed spacers
ITS polymorphism
Life Sciences
molecular sequence data
molecular systematics
Mushrooms
mycelium
nucleotide sequences
phylogeny
plant taxonomy
ribosomal DNA
sequence analysis
Spores
varieties
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Description
Summary:Among 400 wild specimens of A. bisporus collected in Europe, only three were tetrasporic. In the case of two of them from France, a previous study showed that one was homokaryotic and hypothetically belonged to a homothallic entity while the other was heterokaryotic and possibly resulted from hybridization between a member of this entity and a classical bisporic strain. A third tetrasporic specimen recently was discovered in Greece. Morphological and genetic comparisons, using alloenzymatic markers, molecular markers and ITS polymorphisms, reveal that this third specimen is homokaryotic and belongs, with the homokaryotic specimen from France, to the same entity. Dissimilarity analysis confirms the hybrid origin of the heterokaryotic specimen. Varietal status is proposed for this homothallic, highly homogeneous entity, and A. bisporus var. eurotetrasporus is described. This novel variety clearly differs from var. bisporus by its tetrasporic basidia and from var. burnettii by its longer spores. It has a complex story because it can interbreed with var. bisporus and shares the same habitat; however, because of its homothallic life cycle and its partial intersterility, it is probably in the process of speciation.
ISSN:0027-5514
1557-2536
DOI:10.1080/15572536.2004.11833107