Electric toroidal dipole response in split-ring resonator metamaterials

Toroidal dipoles are usually masked by other stronger effects of classical electric and magnetic multipoles, such as dipoles, quadrupoles, octupoles and so forth. So observation of the toroidal response is extremely rare. For the first time we present an electric toroidal dipole model based on metam...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The European physical journal. B, Condensed matter physics Condensed matter physics, 2012-06, Vol.85 (6), Article 208
Main Authors: Guo, L. Y., Li, M. H., Ye, Q. W., Xiao, B. X., Yang, H. L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Complex Systems
Condensed Matter Physics
Exact sciences and technology
Fluid- and Aerodynamics
Fundamental areas of phenomenology (including applications)
Optical materials
Optics
Photonic bandgap materials
Physics
Physics and Astronomy
Regular Article
Solid State Physics
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Summary:Toroidal dipoles are usually masked by other stronger effects of classical electric and magnetic multipoles, such as dipoles, quadrupoles, octupoles and so forth. So observation of the toroidal response is extremely rare. For the first time we present an electric toroidal dipole model based on metamaterials, which is composed of split-ring resonators. The transmission and reflection spectra show that there are two resonances at the frequency of 5.0 GHz and 11.2 GHz. Calculated radiated power dispersion for various multipole moments derived from the current density proved that these two resonances are electric dipole response and elusive electric toroidal dipole response respectively. Our experimental evidence of electric toroidal dipole response brings attentions to the often ignored toroidal multipoles.
ISSN:1434-6028
1434-6036
DOI:10.1140/epjb/e2012-20935-3