Centrifugal separation of liquid carbon dioxide from natural gas/Centrifugalna separacija tecnog ugljen-dioksida iz prirodnog gasa

• Published in: Hemijska industrija 2014-03, Vol.68 (2), p.139
• Main Authors: Batalovic, Veselin B, Danilovic, Dusan S, Zivkovic, Marija A
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Carbon dioxide; Centrifugal force; Chemical properties; Identification and classification; Methods; Natural gas; Separation (Technology)
• ISSN: 0367-598X
• DOI: 10.2298/HEMIND120910035B

Natural gas has become a global commodity in the energy consumption. New technologies, like as gas-to-liquid conversion technology, contribute to this. But more than 16% of the currently known global gas reserves cannot be produced, because they are heavily contaminated by C[O.sub.2] and/or [H.sub.2]S: (C[O.sub.2] > 10% and [H.sub.2]S > 5%). The traditional technology of amine treatment is not capable to economically remove these contaminants. The objective of this article is to investigate the possibilities of centrifugal separation in a way to resolve the existing problem. After analyzing the existing situation, in the centrifugal separation of natural gas, some innovations in separators' design and theory are suggested. The aim of the presented theoretical considerations is that the complex theory of separation should be adjusted to the needs of engineers engaged in design, development and operation of these devices. Keywords: gas, calorific value, liquid, separation, efficiency. Prirodni gas se sve vise koristi u globalnoj energetskoj potrosnji pre svega zbog lakog transporta do potrosaca kao i zbog relativno malog uticaja na zivotnu sredinu. Nove tehnologije, kao sto je konverzija u tecnost, olaksavaju transport i primenu prirodnog gasa. Prirodni gas, dobijen sa eksploatacionog polja, prate brojni zagadivaci (tecni, cvrsti i gasoviti) koje treba ukloniti kako bi trzisna vrednost gasa bila veca. Cvrsti i tecni zagadivaci se relativno lako uklanjaju, ali vise od 16% trenutno poznatih rezervi gasa ne moze se koristiti zbog teskog uklanjanja gasovitih zagadivaca (C[O.sub.2] i/ili [H.sub.2]S: C[O.sub.2] > 10%, [H.sub.2]S > 5%). Tradicionalna tehnologija, kao sto je amino-tretman, se ne moze ekonomicno primeniti za uklanjanje ovako velikih kolicina zagadivaca. U radu se istrazuju mogucnosti primene centrifugalnih separatora za resavanje ovog problema. Posle analize postojeceg stanja, u centrifugalnoj separaciji prirodnog gasa, neke inovacije u konstrukciji separatora su predlozene. Inovacije se sastoje pre svega u mogucnostima, separatora da u jednoj celini, pogonjenoj jednim motorom, realizuje proces ciscenja gasa od: cvrstih, tecnih, a posle tretmana hladenjem, i gasovitih zagadivaca (C[O.sub.2] i/ili [H.sub.2]S). Prednosti ovako koncipiranog tehnickog resenja bi bile: centralno punjenje i samopraznjenje separatora; jedan motor pogoni citavo postrojenje; kombinovano radijalno-aksijalno oslanjanje obezbeduje stabilan rad separatora i pri velikim brzinama r