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Economizer water-wall damages initiated by feedwater impurities/ Ostecenja unutrasnjeg zida ekonomajzera izazvana necistocama u napojnoj vodi

The main causes of efficiency loss in thermal power plants are boiler tube failures that diminish unit reliability and availability, and raise the cost of the electric energy. For that reason, the regular examination of boiler tubes is indispensable measure for prevention of future malfunctions of p...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Hemijska industrija 2014-09, Vol.68 (5), p.559
Main Authors: Vidojkovic, Sonja M, Onjia, Antonije E, Devecerski, Aleksandar B, Grahovac, Nebojsa N, Nastasovic, Aleksandra B
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:The main causes of efficiency loss in thermal power plants are boiler tube failures that diminish unit reliability and availability, and raise the cost of the electric energy. For that reason, the regular examination of boiler tubes is indispensable measure for prevention of future malfunctions of power units. The microscopic examination of economizer's inner wall microstructure, the analysis of chemical composition of deposit using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) have been performed in a subcritical power plant. Stress corrosion cracking, pitting corrosion, destroyed protective magnetite layer, presence of magnetite and hematite in deposit and corrosive impurities within the cracks have indicated the effect of inadequate quality of feedwater that cannot entirely ensure reliable operation of the boiler. It may be stated that maintenance of present boiler does not provide its reliable operation. The extensive chemical control of water/steam cycle was recommended. Keywords: boiler tube, deposition, corrosion, feedwater impurities. Available online at the Journal website: Osnovni uzroci smanjenja efikasnosti na termoelektranama su ostecenja i pucanja kotlovskih cevi koja uticu na smanjenje pouzdanosti i raspolozivosti termoblokova sto dovodi do povecanja cene elektricne energije. Cevi se najcesce izraduju od ugljenicnog ili niskolegiranog celika i izlozene su naprezanju, agresivnom okruzenju i dejstvu razlicitih faza vode na visokim tempeaturama i pritiscima. Jedan od razloga pucanja cevi i ostecenja konstrukcionog materijala je prisustvo necistoca u napojnoj vodi koje se akumuliraju ispod naslaga i dovode do razvoja korozionih procesa. Zbog toga, redovno ispitivanje kotlovskih cevi predstavlja neophodnu meru u cilju prevencije zastoja termoblokova. Na termoelektrani dokriticnih parametara snage 210 MW zabelezen je porast zastoja izazvanih ostecenjima cevnog sistema koja su u najvecem broju slucajeva bila na ekonomajzeru. Ispitivani kotao je sa prirodnom cirkulacijom, radi na ugalj, a konstrukcioni material je celik St.45.8 prema DIN 17175. Da bi se utvrdilo stanje unutrasnjeg zida ekonomajzera i otkrili moguci uzroci ostecenja izvrsena su metalografska ispitivanja njegovog unutrasnjeg zida kao i sastava naslaga. Analize su obuhvatale ispitivanje mikrostrukture, analizu hemijskog sastava naslaga pomocu rendgenske difrakcije (XRD) i skenirajuce mikroskopske elektronske analize/energetske disperz
ISSN:0367-598X
DOI:10.2298/HEMIND130715082V