Technological maturity and quality of 'Italia' grape in protected cultivation with different water conditions/ Maturacao tecnologica e qualidade da uva 'Italia' em cultivo protegido sob distintos manejos hidricos

• Published in: Ciência rural 2015-02, p.252
• Main Authors: da Silva, Leonardo Cury, dos Santos, Henrique Pessoa, Fialho, Flavio Bello, Marodin, Gilmar Arduino Bettio, Bergamaschi, Homero, Flores, Carlos Alberto
• Format: Article
• Language: Spanish
• ISSN: 0103-8478
• DOI: 10.1590/0103-8478cr20140608

The present research was conducted to evaluate the technological maturation and the size parameters (diameter, length and volume) of berries subjected to different soil water conditions and water consumption of grapevines, cultivated within a protected environment. The plants were from Vitis vinifera L., 'Italia' cultivar, grafted on '420A', trained on a discontinuous trellis system and total covered with a plastic woven of polypropylene sealed with polyethylene (160µm). Treatments were comprised of specific contents of soil water availability, where the control (T1) was kept under field capacity conditions with a soil water matrix potential ([ψ.sub.m]) of -33.34 kPa. The other treatments were represented by [ψ.sub.m] limits of -42.12 kPa (T2), - 76.28 kPa (T3) and -94.32 kPa (T4). When the [ψ.sub.m] limits were reached the irrigation was performed up to the field capacity condition. The treatments T3 and T4 anticipated the phenological cycle and the technological maturation of berries, but reduced the berry volume and the relative content of total soluble solids, in comparison to the control. In contrast, moderated drought (T2) coupled with greater efficiency of water use by plants and was the best condition to improve the quality of grapes and water saving. Key words: Vitis vinifera, technological maturation, berry, water stress. Este trabalho teve como objetivos avaliar a maturacao tecnologica e as dimensoes (diametro, comprimento e volume) das bagas de videiras cultivadas em ambiente protegido, submetidas a diferentes condicoes de disponibilidade hidrica no solo e consumo de agua. Utilizaram-se plantas de Vitis vinifera L., cv. 'Italia', enxertadas sobre '420A', conduzidas em latada descontinua e cobertas com lonas plasticas de polipropileno trancado impermeabilizado com polietileno (160µm). Os tratamentos constituiram-se de distintos conteudos de agua disponivel no solo, com o tratamento controle (T1) sob condicao de capacidade de campo e potencial matricial da agua no solo ([ψ.sub.m] ao redor de -33,34kPa. Os demais tratamentos tiveram limites inferiores de -42,12kPa (T2), -76,28kPa (T3) e -94,32kPa (T4). Quando esses limites eram alcancados, iniciava-se a irrigacao ate atingir a capacidade de campo. Os tratamentos T3e T4 anteciparam o ciclo e a maturacao tecnologica das bagas em relacao ao controle, mas restringiram o acumulo relativo de solidos soluveis totais e o volume da baga em relacao ao controle. Em contrapartida, o deficit hidrico moderado (