Occurrence of the Accessory Foramina of the Mandibular Ramus in Brazilian Adults and its Relation to Important Mandibular Landmarks/Presencia de Foramenes Accesorios de la Rama Mandibular en Adultos Brasilenos y su Relacion con Importantes Puntos de Referencia de la Anatomia Mandibular

• Published in: International journal of morphology 2016-03, Vol.34 (1), p.330
• Main Authors: Lima, F.J.C, Neto, O.B. Oliveira, Barbosa, F.T, Dantas, L.C.S, Olave, E, Sousa-Rodrigues, C.F
• Format: Article
• Language: Spanish
• Subjects: Adults
• ISSN: 0717-9367

The presence of the Accessory Foramina of the Mandibular Ramus (AFMR) may be related to anaesthetic failures in the inferior alveolar nerve block and complications in the ramus surgeries. The purpose of the present investigation was to determine the occurrence of the AFMR in adults and, when present, measure its distance to the Mandibular Foramen (MF), to the Mandibular Lingula (ML) and to the posterior margin of the mandibular ramus (PM), comparing data obtained in both sides of the mandible. Thirty dry human mandibles were selected to the present study. The AFMR was considered as every foramina identified between the MF and the PM. When present, its distance to the MF, to the ML and to the PM was measured. The AFMR was identified in 15 of the 30 examined mandibles (50 %), presenting exclusively on the right side in four cases (13.33 %), exclusively on the left side in other four cases (13.33 %) and simultaneously on both mandibular antimeres in seven of the 30 inspected mandibles (23.33 %). The AFMR is a structure considered as anatomic vari4ation but it was present in one of each two mandibles investigated, with the same occurrence in both mandibular sides. For the cases of occurrence of the AFMR, the professional will be able to locate it in a central position between the MF and the PM, distant about seven millimeters to the MF and 10.50 mm to the ML in both sides of the mandible. KEY WORDS: Mandible; Mandibular landmarks; Accessory foramina; Anatomical variation. La presencia de foramenes accesorios de la rama mandibular (FARM) puede estar relacionada con fallas que ocurren en el bloqueo anestesico del nervio alveolar inferior y con complicaciones durante cirugias de la rama mandibular. El proposito del presente estudio fue determinar la presencia de FARM en adultos brasilenos y cuando estos estuvieren presentes, medir la distancia al foramen mandibular (FM), a la lingula de la mandibula (LM) y al margen posterior de la rama mandibular (MP), comparando estos datos en ambos lados de la mandibula. Para ello fueron seleccionadas 30 mandibulas humanas secas. El FARM fue considerado como cada foramen identificado entre el FM y MP. El FARM fue identificado en 15 de las 30 mandibulas examinadas (50 %), presentandose en el lado derecho en 4 casos (13,33 %), en el lado izquierdo en 4 (13,33 %) y en ambos lados en 7 (23,33 %). Los FARM son considerados como una variacion anatomica pero en este estudio estuvo presente en una de cada dos mandibulas, con la misma