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Effect of motherhood on female salaries in LatinAmerica/El efecto de la maternidad sobre los salarios femeninos en Latinoamérica/O efeito da maternidade sobre os salarios femininos na America Latina

In this article the effect of motherhood on salaries in Latin America is analyzed, studying the number of children and the structure of their ages. The methodology used estimated Mincer equations of labor income per hour with additional use of anti-bias Heckman and Blinder Oaxaca decomposition equat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Semestre económico 2014-07, Vol.17 (36), p.13
Main Authors: Botello, Hector Alberto, Alba, Andrea Lopez
Format: Article
Language:Spanish
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:In this article the effect of motherhood on salaries in Latin America is analyzed, studying the number of children and the structure of their ages. The methodology used estimated Mincer equations of labor income per hour with additional use of anti-bias Heckman and Blinder Oaxaca decomposition equation. Results show that mothers earn 13% less salary than women who are not mothers; this difference amounts to 21% when the mother has children younger than five years. For each additional child, the costopportunity for motherhood increases 1.2% of a woman's salary. Discrimination by employers ands labor informality are the main reasons which explain this phenomenon. Este articulo analiza el efecto de la maternidad sobre los salarios en Latinoamerica, estudiando la tenencia del numero de hijos y la estructura de las edades de los mismos. La metodologia utilizada estima ecuaciones mincerianas sobre el ingreso laboral por hora con el uso adicional de la ecuacion anti-sesgo de Heckman y la descomposicion de Oaxaca Blinder. Los resultados muestran que las madres ganan en promedio 13 % menos que las no madres; este diferencial se amplia hasta el 21 % cuando la madre tiene ninos menores de cinco anos. Por cada nino adicional, el costo de oportunidad por maternidad aumenta un 1,2 % del salario. La discriminacion por parte de los empleadores y la informalidad laboral son las razones principales que explican este fenomeno.
ISSN:0120-6346