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Performance of evaporation estimation methods compared with standard 20 [m.sup.2] tank/Desempenho de metodos de estimativa da evaporasao em comparasao com tanque padrao de 20 [m.sup.2]
The low reliability of evaporation estimates in reservoirs challenges the management of water resources, especially when drought occurs. The evaporation rates measured in buried tanks (20 [m.sup.2] evaporimeters) are close to that of lakes. However, there are few studies in Brazil using long data se...
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Published in: | Revista brasileira de engenharia agrĂcola e ambiental 2016-10, p.874 |
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Main Authors: | , , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | Spanish |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | The low reliability of evaporation estimates in reservoirs challenges the management of water resources, especially when drought occurs. The evaporation rates measured in buried tanks (20 [m.sup.2] evaporimeters) are close to that of lakes. However, there are few studies in Brazil using long data sets with this type of tank. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate evaporation estimates of free water surface using the method of Penman (1948) and other five empirical equations in comparison with data from a 20 [m.sup.2] tank observed during 10 years. The annual relationship between rainfall and evaporation was 1.0, showing variations in dry years (0.7) and rainy years (1.3). Among all evaluated methods, Linacre (1993) shows the best performance. Camargo et al. (1999) has very good estimates using air temperature as input variable and is a simple and reliable alternative when data are missing. Key words: water resources evaporimeters free water surface Penman A baixa confiabilidade da quantificacao da evaporado nos reservatorios desafia a gestao de recursos hidricos, principalmente em situares de escassez. A evaporado medida em tanques enterrados (evaporimetro de 20 [m.sup.2]) se aproxima a de lagos, porem existem poucos estudos no Brasil utilizando longas series de dados com este tipo de tanque. Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, avaliar a estimativa de evaporado de superficie livre pelo metodo de Penman (1948) e outros cinco modelos (empiricos) em comparado com valores observados em um tanque de 20 [m.sup.2] durante dez anos. A relacao anual entre a precipitado e a evaporado medida foi igual a 1,0, apresentando variares em anos secos (0,7) e chuvosos (1,3). Dentre os metodos de estimativa avaliados o metodo de Linacre (1993) apresenta o melhor desempenho enquanto o metodo de Camargo et al. (1999) apresenta desempenho muito bom e utiliza a temperatura do ar como variavel de entrada sendo alternativa eficaz na ausencia de dados. Palavras-chave: recursos hidricos evaporimetros superficie de agua livre Penman |
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ISSN: | 1415-4366 |
DOI: | 10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v20n10p874-879 |