Three-Dimensional Analysis of Craniofacial Shape in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Using Geometric Morphometrics/ Analisis Tridimensional de la Forma Craneofacial en el Sindrome de Apnea Obstructiva del Sueno Mediante Morfometria Geometrica

• Published in: International journal of morphology 2019-03, Vol.37 (1), p.338
• Main Authors: Ozdemir, Senem Turan, Ercan, Ilker, Can, Fatma Ezgi, Ocakoglu, Gokhan, Cetinoglu, Ezgi Demirdogen, Ursavas, Ahmet
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 0717-9367

Craniofacial morphology is a risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. The general aim of this study was to investigate the craniofacial shape differences in adults with and without obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, using geometric morphometric methods. A descriptive study conducted in 106 adult Turkish subjects, consisting of 50 patients with OSAS diagnosed by polysomnography and 56 non-OSAS controls. Three dimensional craniofacial scanning processes were performed on patient subjects on the same day as the PSG. Twelve standard craniofacial landmarks were collected from each subject's 3D craniofacial scan. Geometric morphometric analysis was used to compare the craniofacial shape differences between the OSAS and non-OSAS control groups. No statistically significant difference in terms of general shape in face shapes was found between the OSAS group and control group. However, local significance differences were found. There were significant differences between the groups in some of the interlandmark distances: 11 % of the interlandmark distances were greater in OSAS patients, and 29 % were greater in controls. Greater measured distances in OSAS are concentrated in the nasal region. In the control group, the difference is not concentrated in a specific region. Given the relationship of craniofacial structural alterations and sleep disordered breathing, we hypothesized that inter-landmark distance measurements in the craniofacial anatomy of patients might be predictive of OSA. KEY WORDS: Obstructive sleep apnea; Craniofacial morphology; Geometric morphometry. RESUMEN: La morfologia craneofacial es un factor de riesgo para el sindrome de apnea obstructiva del sueno. El objetivo general de este estudio fue investigar las diferencias de forma craneofacial en adultos con y sin sindrome de apnea obstructiva del sueno utilizando metodos morfometricos geometricos. Un estudio descriptivo realizado en 106 sujetos turcos adultos, de 50 pacientes con SAOS diagnosticados mediante polisomnografia y 56 controles no SAOS. El proceso de escaneo craneofacial tridimensional se realizo en pacientes sujetos el mismo dia que el PSG. Se recogieron doce puntos de referencia craneofaciales estandar del escaneo craneofacial 3D de cada sujeto. Se uso el analisis morfometrico geometrico para comparar las diferencias de forma craneofacial entre los grupos de control SAOS y no SAOS. No se encontraron diferencias estadisticamente significativas en terminos de forma general en la