Risk factors associated with stillbirth in sows/Fatores de risco associados a natimortalidade em femeas suinas

• Published in: Ciência rural 2023-11, Vol.53 (11), p.1
• Main Authors: Junior, Vamire Luiz Sens, Rosa, Emanoelle Regina, Fagundes, Deivison Pereira, Peripolli, Vanessa, Ulguim, Rafael da Rosa, Siqueira, Bruna Pereira, Messias, Herica da Silva, Bortolozzo, Fernando Pandolfo, Bianchi, Ivan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 0103-8478
• DOI: 10.1590/0103-8478cr20220080

In this study, the risk factors associated with stillbirth in sows were identified and their odds ratio assessed. For this purpose, 587 farrowings on Farm A and 929 on Farm B were monitored, and the sow parity, body condition score, farrowing duration, total number of piglets born, numbers of live births, stillbirths, and mummified piglets, obstetric interventions, and piglet sex and weight were recorded. At the end of farrowing, piglets classified as stillborn were necropsied to confirm the diagnosis. Consequently, 5.49% of the piglets on Farm A and 5.10% of those on Farm B were stillborn. On both farms, sows with a high parity, prolonged farrowing, and a large litter size had the highest odds ratio of stillbirths. On Farm B, farrowing intervention through the use of vaginal palpation and oxytocin increased the odds of stillbirth by 1.7 and 2.5 times, respectively. Heavy litters increased the odds of stillbirth by 1.4 times. Additionally, low-birth-weight piglets were 2.3 and 3.1 times more likely than their medium-birth-weight and high-birth-weight counterparts, respectively, to be stillborn. In conclusion, on both farms, the risk factors associated with stillbirth were a high parity, a large litter size, and prolonged farrowing. Key words: parity, farrowing duration, litter size, farrowing intervention. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os fatores de risco associados ao nascimento de natimortos em femeas suinas e a razao de chance para a sua ocorrencia. Foram acompanhados 587 partos na granja A e 929 na granja B onde foram registrados: ordem de parto, escore de condicao corporal, duracao do parto, total de nascidos, nascidos vivos, natimortos, mumificados, intervencoes ao parto, peso e o sexo dos leitoes. Ao final do parto foi realizada necropsia dos leitoes classificados como natimortos a fim de confirmar o diagnostico. A ocorrencia de leitoes natimortos foi de 5,49% e 5,10% na granja A e B, respectivamente. Femeas de maior ordem de parto, com partos prolongados e leitegadas mais numerosas apresentaram maior chance da ocorrencia de leitoes natimortos em ambas as granjas. Na granja B a necessidade de intervencao ao parto atraves do uso de ocitocina e palpacao vaginal aumentaram a chance da presenca de leitoes natimortos em 1,7 e 2,5 vezes, respectivamente. Leitegadas pesadas aumentaram em 1,4 vezes as chances de ocorrencia de leitoes natimortos. No entanto, leitoes com menor peso ao nascer aumentam em 2,3 vezes as chances de natimortos, quando compara