Harzianic Acid Activity against IStaphylococcus aureus/I and Its Role in Calcium Regulation

Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive bacterium, which can be found, as a commensal microorganism, on the skin surface or in the nasal mucosa of the human population. However, S. aureus may become pathogenic and cause severe infections, especially in hospitalized patients. As an opportunistic pat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Toxins 2023-03, Vol.15 (4)
Main Authors: Staropoli, Alessia, Cuomo, Paola, Salvatore, Maria Michela, De Tommaso, Gaetano, Iuliano, Mauro, Andolfi, Anna, Tenore, Gian Carlo, Capparelli, Rosanna, Vinale, Francesco
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibacterial agents
Calcium channels
Chemical properties
Drug therapy
Health aspects
Homeostasis
Metabolites
Pharmaceutical research
Physiological aspects
Staphylococcus aureus infections
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Summary:Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive bacterium, which can be found, as a commensal microorganism, on the skin surface or in the nasal mucosa of the human population. However, S. aureus may become pathogenic and cause severe infections, especially in hospitalized patients. As an opportunistic pathogen, in fact, S. aureus interferes with the host Ca[sup.2+] signaling, favoring the spread of the infection and tissue destruction. The identification of novel strategies to restore calcium homeostasis and prevent the associated clinical outcomes is an emerging challenge. Here, we investigate whether harzianic acid, a bioactive metabolite derived from fungi of the genus Trichoderma, could control S. aureus-induced Ca[sup.2+] movements. First, we show the capability of harzianic acid to complex calcium divalent cations, using mass spectrometric, potentiometric, spectrophotometric, and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. Then, we demonstrate that harzianic acid significantly modulates Ca[sup.2+] increase in HaCaT (human keratinocytes) cells incubated with S. aureus. In conclusion, this study suggests harzianic acid as a promising therapeutical alternative against diseases associated with Ca[sup.2+] homeostasis alteration.
ISSN:2072-6651
2072-6651
DOI:10.3390/toxins15040237