Effect of Sample Preparation on the Measurement of Sugars, Organic Acids, and Polyphenols in Apple Fruit by Mid-infrared Spectroscopy

The objectives of this study were (i) to test different conditions of freezing, thawing, and grinding during sample preparation and (ii) to evaluate the possibility of using mid-infrared spectroscopy for analyzing the composition of sugars, organic acids, and polyphenols in apples. Seven commercial...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2012-04, Vol.60 (14), p.3551-3563
Main Authors: Bureau, Sylvie, Ścibisz, Iwona, Le Bourvellec, Carine, Renard, Catherine M. G. C
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ambient temperature
apples
Biological and medical sciences
Carbohydrates - analysis
Carboxylic Acids - analysis
citric acid
cultivars
flavanols
Food Handling - methods
Food industries
Food Preservation - methods
freeze drying
freezing
Fruit - chemistry
Fruit and vegetable industries
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
grinding
homogenization
Life Sciences
Malus - chemistry
oxidation
Oxidation-Reduction
Polyphenols - analysis
procyanidins
regression analysis
sodium fluoride
Species Specificity
Spectrophotometry, Infrared
spectroscopy
sugars
thawing
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Summary:The objectives of this study were (i) to test different conditions of freezing, thawing, and grinding during sample preparation and (ii) to evaluate the possibility of using mid-infrared spectroscopy for analyzing the composition of sugars, organic acids, and polyphenols in apples. Seven commercial apple cultivars were chosen for their large variability in composition (total polyphenols from 406 to 1033 mg kg–1 fresh weight). The different conditions of sample preparation affected only the phenolic compounds and not sugars or organic acids. The regression models of the mid-infrared spectra showed a good ability to estimate sugar and organic acid contents (R 2 ≥ 0.96), except for citric acid. Good predictions were obtained for total phenolic, flavan-3-ols, and procyanidins (R 2 ≥ 0.94) provided oxidation was avoided during sample preparation. A rapid and simple procedure was then proposed for phenolic compounds using sodium fluoride during sample homogenization at ambient temperature and freeze-drying before spectra acquisition.
ISSN:0021-8561
1520-5118
DOI:10.1021/jf204785w