Time-resolved shadowgraph imaging of femtosecond laser-induced forward transfer of solid materials

• Published in: Applied surface science 2012-09, Vol.258 (22), p.8475-8483
• Main Authors: Feinaeugle, M., Alloncle, A.P., Delaporte, Ph, Sones, C.L., Eason, R.W.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Atmospheric pressure; Bismuth; Condensed matter: electronic structure, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties; Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties; Cross-disciplinary physics: materials science; rheology; Engineering Sciences; Exact sciences and technology; Femtosecond; Imaging; Laser material processing; Laser-induced forward transfer; Lead zirconate titanates; Lift; Optics; Photonic; Physics; Shadowgraphs; Shadowgraphy; Shock wave; Thermoelectricity; Time-resolved studies
• ISSN: 0169-4332; 1873-5584
• DOI: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2012.04.101

► Femtosecond laser-induced forward transfer has been imaged by shadowgraphy. ► Transfer regimes identified for solid layers in molten, fragmented and solid state. ► Intact material was transferred without the creation of an observable shock wave. ► The transfer velocity of intact 1.8μm thick flyers was as low as 34m/s. ► The transfer velocity was the lowest ever observed via a shadowgram for LIFT. The transfer of solid phase material by femtosecond laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) at atmospheric pressure by a time-resolved shadowgraph technique is studied. The influence of laser fluence on transfer of material in solid, fragmented and molten state is investigated during femtosecond LIFT of initially solid layers of thermoelectric bismuth selenide (Bi2Se3), piezoelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) and magnetostrictive Terfenol-D. We report ejection velocities of ∼48m/s and ∼34m/s for intact transfer of ∼1.1μm thick Bi2Se3 and ∼1.8μm thick PZT respectively, and of ∼140m/s for ∼0.5μm thick Terfenol-D. During intact transfer, contrary to what has been reported so far, no shock wave above the substrate surface was observed.