Turning, compacting and the addition of water as factors affecting gaseous emissions in farm manure composting

Composting allows simple management of animal manure but excessive aeration can increase emissions of polluting gases such as ammonia or nitrous oxide. The aim of the present work was to determine the effect of three techniques – turning, compacting and the addition of water – on gaseous emissions....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Bioresource technology 2007-10, Vol.98 (14), p.2619-2628
Main Authors: El Kader, Nasser Abd, Robin, Paul, Paillat, Jean-Marie, Leterme, Philippe
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agricultural sciences
Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
Air
air pollution
Ammonia
Ammonia - analysis
Animal manure
Animals
Biological and medical sciences
Biological treatment of sewage sludges and wastes
Biotechnology
Carbon dioxide
Carbon Dioxide - analysis
Cattle
cattle manure
composted manure
Composting
Environment and pollution
Environmental Engineering
Environmental Sciences
Free air space
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
gas emissions
Gaseous emissions
Gases - analysis
General agronomy. Plant production
Industrial applications and implications. Economical aspects
Life Sciences
Manure - analysis
Nitrous oxide
Nitrous Oxide - analysis
poultry manure
Refuse Disposal - methods
Sciences and technics of agriculture
Soil - analysis
Temperature
Turkeys
Use of agricultural and forest wastes. Biomass use, bioconversion
Water
Water vapor
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Summary:Composting allows simple management of animal manure but excessive aeration can increase emissions of polluting gases such as ammonia or nitrous oxide. The aim of the present work was to determine the effect of three techniques – turning, compacting and the addition of water – on gaseous emissions. One ton of cattle manure and 3 tons of turkey manure were composted in two and four cells for 46 and 51 days respectively. The manure was either turned, wetted, or compacted. Emissions of carbon dioxide, water vapor, ammonia and nitrous oxide were monitored. The results show that turning did not alter the free air space. Compacting can be used specifically to reduce the water loss. A reduction of free air space by 20–60%, either by compacting or adding water (or both), reduced the ammonia and nitrous oxide emissions by 30–70%.
ISSN:0960-8524
1873-2976
DOI:10.1016/j.biortech.2006.07.035