Ischemic core and hypoperfusion volumes predict infarct size in SWIFT PRIME

• Published in: Annals of neurology 2016-01, Vol.79 (1), p.76-89
• Main Authors: Albers, Gregory W., Goyal, Mayank, Jahan, Reza, Bonafe, Alain, Diener, Hans-Christoph, Levy, Elad I., Pereira, Vitor M., Cognard, Christophe, Cohen, David J., Hacke, Werner, Jansen, Olav, Jovin, Tudor G., Mattle, Heinrich P., Nogueira, Raul G., Siddiqui, Adnan H., Yavagal, Dileep R., Baxter, Blaise W., Devlin, Thomas G., Lopes, Demetrius K., Reddy, Vivek K., de Rochemont, Richard du Mesnil, Singer, Oliver C., Bammer, Roland, Saver, Jeffrey L.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Brain Ischemia - diagnostic imaging; Brain Ischemia - therapy; Cerebral Infarction - diagnostic imaging; Cerebral Infarction - therapy; Cerebrovascular Circulation - physiology; Circulatory system; Contrast Media; Endovascular Procedures; Female; Fibrinolytic Agents - therapeutic use; Human health and pathology; Humans; Life Sciences; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Medical imaging; Middle Aged; Neurons and Cognition; NMR; Nuclear magnetic resonance; Outcome Assessment (Health Care); Prognosis; Prospective Studies; Stroke - diagnostic imaging; Stroke - therapy; Tissue Plasminogen Activator - therapeutic use; Tomography, X-Ray Computed - methods
• ISSN: 0364-5134; 1531-8249
• DOI: 10.1002/ana.24543

Objective Within the context of a prospective randomized trial (SWIFT PRIME), we assessed whether early imaging of stroke patients, primarily with computed tomography (CT) perfusion, can estimate the size of the irreversibly injured ischemic core and the volume of critically hypoperfused tissue. We also evaluated the accuracy of ischemic core and hypoperfusion volumes for predicting infarct volume in patients with the target mismatch profile. Methods Baseline ischemic core and hypoperfusion volumes were assessed prior to randomized treatment with intravenous (IV) tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) alone versus IV tPA + endovascular therapy (Solitaire stent‐retriever) using RAPID automated postprocessing software. Reperfusion was assessed with angiographic Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction scores at the end of the procedure (endovascular group) and Tmax > 6‐second volumes at 27 hours (both groups). Infarct volume was assessed at 27 hours on noncontrast CT or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Results A total of 151 patients with baseline imaging with CT perfusion (79%) or multimodal MRI (21%) were included. The median baseline ischemic core volume was 6ml (interquartile range = 0–16). Ischemic core volumes correlated with 27‐hour infarct volumes in patients who achieved reperfusion (r = 0.58, p  6‐second volume (ie, predicted infarct volume) correlated with the 27‐hour infarct volume (r = 0.73, p