Pre-osteoblast cell colonization of porous silicon substituted hydroxyapatite bioceramics: Influence of microporosity and macropore design

• Published in: Materials Science & Engineering C 2019-04, Vol.97, p.510-528
• Main Authors: Rüdrich, Urda, Lasgorceix, Marie, Champion, Eric, Pascaud-Mathieu, Patricia, Damia, Chantal, Chartier, Thierry, Brie, Joël, Magnaudeix, Amandine
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Actin Cytoskeleton - drug effects; Angles (geometry); Animals; Aspect ratio; Bioceramics; Biocompatibility; Cell adhesion; Cell adhesion & migration; Cell Adhesion - drug effects; Cell colonization; Cell Line; Cell Proliferation - drug effects; Cell Survival - drug effects; Ceramic scaffold; Ceramics - chemistry; Ceramics - pharmacology; Chemical Sciences; Colonization; Cross-sections; Cultivation; Data processing; Design optimization; Durapatite - chemistry; Engineering Sciences; Flat surfaces; Hydroxyapatite; Macropore design; Material chemistry; Materials; Materials science; Mice; Microporosity; Osteoblasts; Osteoblasts - cytology; Osteoblasts - metabolism; Porosity; Porous silicon; Pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells; Principal Component Analysis; Principal components analysis; Scaffolds; Silicon - chemistry; Substitutes; Triangles
• ISSN: 0928-4931; 1873-0191
• DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.12.046

Silicate-substituted hydroxyapatite scaffolds containing multiscale porosity are manufactured. Model parts containing macropores of five cross-sectional geometries (circle, square, rhombus, star and triangle) and two sizes are shaped by microstereolithography. Three open microporosity contents (0.5, 23 or 37 vol%) are introduced in the ceramic. MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts are seeded onto these scaffolds. Analysis of cell colonization inside the macropores after 7 and 14 days of cultivation shows that the cellular filling is proportional to the macropore size and strongly influenced by macropore shape. Straight edges and convex surfaces are detrimental. High aspect ratios, the absence of reentrant angles and the presence of acute angles, by creating concavities and minimizing flat surfaces, facilitate cell colonization. Rhombus and triangle cross-sections are thus particularly favorable, while square and star geometries are the least favored. An increase in the microporosity content strongly impairs cell growth in the macropores. The data are statistically analyzed using a principal components analysis that shows that macro- and microtopographical parameters of scaffolds must be collectively considered with correlated interactions to understand cell behavior. The results indicate the important cell sensing of topography during the initial step of cell adhesion and proliferation and evidence the need for an optimized scaffold design. [Display omitted] •Model micro-macroporous SiHA scaffolds are shaped by microstereolithography.•Microporosity and macropore architecture affect cell colonization.•Impacts of macropore geometries features on cell ingrowth are discussed.•High microporosity content is deleterious for cell growth in the macropores.•Surface macro- and microtopographical parameters must be considered collectively.