4‑Chloro-2-nitroaniline Solubility in Several Pure Solvents: Determination, Modeling, and Solvent Effect Analysis

• Published in: Journal of chemical and engineering data 2020-01, Vol.65 (1), p.222-232
• Main Authors: Wang, Jian, Yuan, Xin, Jaubert, Jean-Noël
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Chemical and Process Engineering; Engineering Sciences
• ISSN: 0021-9568; 1520-5134
• DOI: 10.1021/acs.jced.9b00919

The solubility of 4-chloro-2-nitroaniline in several neat solvents of ethylene glycol (EG), N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, cyclohexane, acetonitrile, 1,4-dioxane, ethyl acetate, and water was attained via a shake-flask method from 278.15 to 323.15 K under the pressure of approximately 101.2 kPa. Within the examined temperature range, the mole fraction solubility of 4-chloro-2-nitroaniline increased with the rising temperature. The magnitude of solubility obeyed the sequence from high to low as: NMP > (ethyl acetate, acetonitrile) > 1,4-dioxane > methanol > ethanol > n-propanol > isopropanol > n-butanol > EG > cyclohexane > water. No polymorphic transformation or solvate formation took place in these neat solvents. The molecule interactions of solvent–solvent and solvent–solute were examined through a method of linear solvation energy relationship. The Wilson model, nonrandom two-liquid model, modified Apelblat equation, and λh equation were applied to mathematically describe the 4-chloro-2-nitroaniline solubility. The obtained maximum values of root-mean-square and relative average deviations were 31.83 × 10–4 and 3.79%, respectively, which showed that the modified Apelblat equation correlated better with the solubility data than the models. Also, the mixing property was resulted from the determined solubility data.