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Trials of mechanical circulatory support with percutaneous axial flow pumps in cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction: Mission impossible?
Cardiogenic shock is a complex clinical entity associated with very high mortality and intensive resource utilization. Despite the widespread use of timely reperfusion and appropriate pharmacotherapy, the survival rate remains at around 50%. Recently, percutaneous axial flow pumps have been integrat...
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Published in: | Archives of cardiovascular diseases 2020-06, Vol.113 (6-7), p.448-460 |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | Cardiogenic shock is a complex clinical entity associated with very high mortality and intensive resource utilization. Despite the widespread use of timely reperfusion and appropriate pharmacotherapy, the survival rate remains at around 50%. Recently, percutaneous axial flow pumps have been integrated into the therapeutic spectrum of cardiogenic shock management. However, most of the literature supporting their use stems from observational studies. To date, attempts to perform randomized controlled trials with percutaneous axial flow pumps have failed. This underlines the challenge of performing a well-conducted randomized controlled trial that provides the highest level of evidence. Such a trial is warranted, because percutaneous axial flow pumps are costly, and are associated with serious complications. The major pitfalls of previous studies were lack of standardized cardiogenic shock definitions according to clinical severity, inappropriate patient and device selection, lack of standardized trial endpoints and high rates of crossovers; these issues must be carefully considered and evaluated. In light of recent trial failures, we aim to summarize the challenges associated with performing randomized controlled trials of percutaneous axial flow pumps in patients experiencing acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock, and to suggest potential means of overcoming them.
Le choc cardiogénique reste une entité clinique complexe associée avec une très haute mortalité et une utilisation intensive de ressource. Malgré la généralisation de la reperfusion précoce et un traitement adapté, le taux de mortalité reste élevée aux alentours de 50 %. Les pompes axiales percutanées ont été récemment intégrées dans l’arsenal thérapeutique du choc cardiogénique. Cependant, la plupart des données de la littérature en faveur de leur utilisation sont de natures observationnelles. À ce jour, les tentatives de réaliser les études cliniques randomisées ont été des échecs. Cela souligne à quel point il reste compliqué de réaliser une étude randomisée bien conduite afin de fournir un niveau de preuve suffisant. Une telle étude est nécessaire car les pompes axiales sont coûteuses et associées avec des complications sérieuses. L’absence de définition standardisée du choc cardiogénique en fonction de sa gravité, une mauvaise sélection des patients ou des interventions, l’absence de critère de jugement validé et le fort taux de crossover sont parmi les écueils majeurs |
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ISSN: | 1875-2136 1875-2128 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.acvd.2020.02.001 |