Identification of γ‑Glutamyl-Selenomethionine as the Principal Selenium Metabolite in a Selenium-Enriched Probiotic, Bifidobacterium longum, by Two-Dimensional HPLC-ICP MS and HPLC-ESI Orbitrap MS

Selenium (Se)-enriched probiotics are potential sources of organic Se in the human diet, but their application in food is debated because most selenized probiotics and their metabolites are not well-characterized. We analyzed a Se-enriched probiotic, Bifidobacterium longum DD98, to unveil its Se met...

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Published in:Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 2022-06, Vol.70 (22), p.6726-6736
Main Authors: Zhu, Hui, Bierla, Katarzyna, Jin, Xueli, Szpunar, Joanna, Chen, Daijie, Lobinski, Ryszard
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analytical chemistry
Antioxidants
Bifidobacterium longum - metabolism
Chemical Sciences
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - methods
Food and Beverage Chemistry/Biochemistry
Humans
Mass Spectrometry
Material chemistry
or physical chemistry
Polymers
Probiotics - analysis
Saccharomyces cerevisiae - metabolism
Selenium - metabolism
Selenium Compounds - chemistry
Selenomethionine - metabolism
Theoretical and
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Summary:Selenium (Se)-enriched probiotics are potential sources of organic Se in the human diet, but their application in food is debated because most selenized probiotics and their metabolites are not well-characterized. We analyzed a Se-enriched probiotic, Bifidobacterium longum DD98, to unveil its Se metabolite profiles by two-dimensional high-performance liquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP MS) and HPLC-electrospray ionization Orbitrap MS. A major Se metabolite was identified as gamma-glutamyl-selenomethionine (γ-Glu-SeMet), which accounted for 42.5 ± 3.4% of water-soluble Se. Most of the remaining Se was present as SeMet (35.2 ± 0.6%) in a free or protein-bound form. In addition, 11 minor Se metabolites were identified, eight of which had not been reported before in probiotics. Six of the identified compounds contained γ-Glu-SeMet as the core structure, constituting a γ-Glu-SeMet family. This study demonstrates the presence of γ-Glu-SeMet in a probiotic, showing a different selenite metabolite pathway from that of Se-enriched yeast, and it offers an alternative and potentially attractive source of organic Se for food and feed supplementation.
ISSN:0021-8561
1520-5118
DOI:10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01409