MRI characteristics of MOG-Ab associated disease in adults: An update

•MOGAb-optic neuritis is classically extensive, bilateral with perineuritis and optic nerve head edema. It is only rarely located within chiasma or optic tract.•Spinal cord MRI lesions associated with MOGAD myelitis are frequently centrally located and longitudinally extensive.•Short and multiple sp...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Revue neurologique 2021-01, Vol.177 (1-2), p.39-50
Main Authors: Shor, N., Deschamps, R., Cobo Calvo, A., Maillart, E., Zephir, H., Ciron, J., Papeix, C., Durand-Dubief, F., Ruet, A., Ayrignac, X., Cohen, M., Deiva, K., Laplaud, D., Bourre, B., Audoin, B., Collongues, N., Vukusic, S., Cotton, F., Marignier, R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aquaporin-4
Bioengineering
Imaging
Life Sciences
Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein
Myelitis
Neuromyelitis Optica
Optic neuritis
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Summary:•MOGAb-optic neuritis is classically extensive, bilateral with perineuritis and optic nerve head edema. It is only rarely located within chiasma or optic tract.•Spinal cord MRI lesions associated with MOGAD myelitis are frequently centrally located and longitudinally extensive.•Short and multiple spinal cord lesions and lumbar localization are not rare. Gadolinium enhancement as well as signal abnormality can be missing.•MOGAD can be associated to brain and brainstem MRI abnormalities, frequently “fluffy” (poorly demarcated) white matter ones. Rare but more specific ADEM-like lesions and cortical involvement have been described in adults with MOGAD. Our knowledge of the radiological spectrum of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody associated disease (MOGAD) is growing rapidly. An update on the radiological features of the disease, and its evolution is thus necessary. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has an increasingly important role in the differential diagnosis of MOGAD particularly from aquaporin-4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (AQP4-NMOSD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Differentiating these conditions is of prime importance because the management is different between the three inflammatory diseases, and thus could prevent further attack-related disability. Therefore, identifying the MRI features suggestive of MOGAD has diagnostic and prognostic implications. We herein review optic nerve, spinal cord and the brain MRI findings from MOGAD adult patients, and compare them to AQP4-NMOSD and MS.
ISSN:0035-3787
DOI:10.1016/j.neurol.2020.06.016