Neural stem cell pools in the vertebrate adult brain: Homeostasis from cell‐autonomous decisions or community rules?

Adult stem cell populations must coordinate their own maintenance with the generation of differentiated cell types to sustain organ physiology, in a spatially controlled manner and over long periods. Quantitative analyses of clonal dynamics have revealed that, in epithelia, homeostasis is achieved a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BioEssays 2021-03, Vol.43 (3), p.e2000228-n/a
Main Authors: Dray, Nicolas, Than‐Trong, Emmanuel, Bally‐Cuif, Laure
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Brain
Cell differentiation
Central nervous system
Development Biology
dynamic homeostasis
Homeostasis
intrinsic niche
Life Sciences
Maintenance
neural stem cell
Neural stem cells
Neuroimaging
population behavior
Progeny
spatiotemporal coordination
Stem cells
Vertebrates
Zebrafish
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Summary:Adult stem cell populations must coordinate their own maintenance with the generation of differentiated cell types to sustain organ physiology, in a spatially controlled manner and over long periods. Quantitative analyses of clonal dynamics have revealed that, in epithelia, homeostasis is achieved at the population rather than at the single stem cell level, suggesting that feedback mechanisms coordinate stem cell maintenance and progeny generation. In the central nervous system, however, little is known of the possible community processes underlying neural stem cell maintenance. Recent work, in part based on intravital imaging made possible in the adult zebrafish, conclusively highlights that homeostasis in neural stem cell pools may rely on population asymmetry and long‐term spatiotemporal coordination of neural stem cell states and fates. These results suggest that neural stem cell assemblies in the vertebrate brain behave as self‐organized systems, such that the stem cells themselves generate their own intrinsic niche. Neural stem cell (NSC) populations are in dynamic homeostasis. At any given time, different NSC states cohabit and influence each other via neighborhood interactions, maintaining a spatially balanced equilibrium of states. Because states can be arranged along a lineage progression series, these interactions also impact state distribution across time.
ISSN:0265-9247
1521-1878
DOI:10.1002/bies.202000228