Weaning from mechanical ventilation with pressure support in patients failing a T-tube trial of spontaneous breathing

• Published in: Intensive care medicine 2006, Vol.32 (1), p.165-169
• Main Authors: EZINGEARD, Eric, DICONNE, Eric, BERTRAND, Jean-Claude, ZENI, Fabrice, GUYOMARC'H, Stéphane, VENET, Christophe, PAGE, Dominique, GERY, Pierre, VERMESCH, Régine, BERTRAND, Monique, PINGAT, Juliette, TARDY, Bernard
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy; Artificial respiration; Biological and medical sciences; Emergency and intensive cardiocirculatory care. Cardiogenic shock. Coronary intensive care; Emergency and intensive respiratory care; Evaluation; Health aspects; Humans; Intensive care medicine; Intermittent Positive-Pressure Breathing; Intubation, Intratracheal; Life Sciences; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; Patient Selection; Pharmaceutical sciences; Pharmacology; Prospective Studies; Ventilator Weaning; Ventilator Weaning - methods; Work of Breathing
• ISSN: 0342-4642; 1432-1238
• DOI: 10.1007/s00134-005-2852-5

Evidence that PS may facilitate weaning from mechanical ventilation (MV), although not confirmed by randomized trials, prompted us to investigate whether patients could be weaned with PS after failing a T-tube trial. This was a prospective, non-randomized study in two French intensive care units. One hundred eighteen patients were enrolled and underwent a T-tube trial, after which 87 were extubated. Thirty-one underwent a further trial with PS, after which 21 were extubated. All patients under MV >24 h meeting the criteria for a weaning test underwent a 30-min T-tube trial. If this was successful, they were immediately extubated. Otherwise, a 30-min trial with +7 cm H2O PS was initiated with an individualized pressurization slope and trigger adjustment. If all weaning criteria were met, the patients were extubated; otherwise, MV was reinstated. The extubation failure rate at 48 h did not differ significantly between the groups: 11/87 (13%) versus 4/21 (19%), P=0.39. The groups were comparable with regard to endotracheal tube diameter, MV duration, the use of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) after extubation, initial severity score, age and underlying pathology, except for COPD. A significantly higher percentage of patients with COPD was extubated after the trial with PS (8/21-38%) than after a single T-tube trial (11/87-13%) (P=0.003). Of the patients, 21/118 (18%) could be extubated after a trial with PS, despite having failed a T-tube trial. The reintubation rate was not increased. This protocol may particularly benefit patients who are most difficult to wean, notably those with COPD.