DiFS: Wi-Fi Based Directed Fresnel Signature Localization for Mobile Ship Environment

The device-free localization of individuals not equipped with a radio device plays a critical role in cruise ships, particularly during an emergency. In this article, we introduce a device-free localization scheme requiring low human effort, i.e., directed Fresnel signature (DiFS), which utilizes an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE sensors journal 2024-06, Vol.24 (12), p.19706-19720
Main Authors: Liu, Kezhong, Wang, Guoyu, Chen, Cong, Zeng, Xuming, Tong, Guangmo, Chen, Mozi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Channel state information (CSI)
Cruise ships
Deformation
device-free indoor localization
Fingerprint recognition
Fresnel reflection
Fresnel zones
Localization
Location awareness
Marine vehicles
Metals
mobile ship environment
Skin effect
Wi-Fi
Wireless fidelity
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Summary:The device-free localization of individuals not equipped with a radio device plays a critical role in cruise ships, particularly during an emergency. In this article, we introduce a device-free localization scheme requiring low human effort, i.e., directed Fresnel signature (DiFS), which utilizes an onboard off-the-shelf Wi-Fi infrastructure. An intuitive idea of DiFS is that because the channel state information (CSI) is sensitive to the target location within the Wi-Fi Fresnel zone, the target location can be determined by extracting the Fresnel signature and coordinates of the Wi-Fi access points (APs). However, due to the skin effect of signal propagation onboard a ship, CSI cannot reflect a target with precision. Furthermore, an undirected Fresnel signature may lead to misinterpretation if the Wi-Fi APs are not deployed perfectly. We observed that the power delay profiles (PDPs) can accurately reflect the target shadowing within the Fresnel zone in a rich multipath environment. In addition, we leverage the specific skin effect in metal ships and infer DiFSs using a set of power fading models. Extensive experimental results on an actual ship demonstrate that DiFS outperforms the state-of-the-art methods and achieves an accuracy of 0.9 and 1.2 m in the line-of-sight (LoS) and non-LoS (NLoS) scenarios, respectively.
ISSN:1530-437X
1558-1748
DOI:10.1109/JSEN.2024.3392913