Active Microelectronic Neurosensor Arrays for Implantable Brain Communication Interfaces

We have built a wireless implantable microelectronic device for transmitting cortical signals transcutaneously. The device is aimed at interfacing a cortical microelectrode array to an external computer for neural control applications. Our implantable microsystem enables 16-channel broadband neural...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering 2009-08, Vol.17 (4), p.339-345
Main Authors: Song, Y.-K., Borton, D. A., Park, S., Patterson, W. R., Bull, C. W., Laiwalla, F., Mislow, J., Simeral, J. D., Donoghue, J. P., Nurmikko, A. V.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Action Potentials - physiology
Amplifiers, Electronic
Animals
Application software
Brain - physiology
Brain-computer interface
Communication Aids for Disabled
Communication system control
Computer interfaces
Digital recording
Electrodes, Implanted
Electroencephalography - instrumentation
Equipment Design
Equipment Failure Analysis
Male
Microelectrodes
Microelectronics
Miniaturization
Nerve Net - physiology
neural interface
neural prosthesis
Pattern Recognition, Automated - methods
Polymers
Primates
Pulse amplifiers
Pulsed power supplies
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Reproducibility of Results
Sensitivity and Specificity
Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted - instrumentation
Skin
Telemetry - instrumentation
Transducers
User-Computer Interface
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Description
Summary:We have built a wireless implantable microelectronic device for transmitting cortical signals transcutaneously. The device is aimed at interfacing a cortical microelectrode array to an external computer for neural control applications. Our implantable microsystem enables 16-channel broadband neural recording in a nonhuman primate brain by converting these signals to a digital stream of infrared light pulses for transmission through the skin. The implantable unit employs a flexible polymer substrate onto which we have integrated ultra-low power amplification with analog multiplexing, an analog-to-digital converter, a low power digital controller chip, and infrared telemetry. The scalable 16-channel microsystem can employ any of several modalities of power supply, including radio frequency by induction, or infrared light via photovoltaic conversion. As of the time of this report, the implant has been tested as a subchronic unit in nonhuman primates (~ 1 month), yielding robust spike and broadband neural data on all available channels.
ISSN:1534-4320
1558-0210
DOI:10.1109/TNSRE.2009.2024310