Involvement of free radicals and oxidative stress in NAFLD/NASH

Abstract Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now the most common liver disease affecting high proportion of the population worldwide. NAFLD encompasses a large spectrum of conditions ranging from fatty liver to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which can progress to cirrhosis and cancer...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Free radical research 2013-11, Vol.47 (11), p.869-880
Main Authors: Sumida, Y., Niki, E., Naito, Y., Yoshikawa, T.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antioxidant
Antioxidants - metabolism
fatty liver
Fatty Liver - metabolism
Free Radicals - metabolism
Humans
Lipid Metabolism
lipid peroxidation
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Oxidative Stress - physiology
steatohepatitis
vitamin E
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Summary:Abstract Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now the most common liver disease affecting high proportion of the population worldwide. NAFLD encompasses a large spectrum of conditions ranging from fatty liver to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which can progress to cirrhosis and cancer. NAFLD is considered as a multifactorial disease in relation to the pathogenic mechanisms. Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and NASH and the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been suggested. Many studies show the association between the levels of lipid oxidation products and disease state. However, often neither oxidative stress nor ROS has been characterized, despite oxidative stress is mediated by multiple active species by different mechanisms and the same lipid oxidation products are produced by different active species. Further, the effects of various antioxidants have been assessed in human and animal studies, but the effects of drugs are determined by the type of active species, suggesting the importance of characterizing the active species involved. This review article is focused on the role of free radicals and free radical-mediated lipid peroxidation in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and NASH, taking characteristic features of free radical-mediated oxidation into consideration. The detailed analysis of lipid oxidation products shows the involvement of free radicals in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and NASH. Potential beneficial effects of antioxidants such as vitamin E are discussed.
ISSN:1071-5762
1029-2470
DOI:10.3109/10715762.2013.837577